We have one other explanation for why iodine might work so well against toenail “fungus.” The problem may not be fungus at all, but rather a bacterial infection. Or, it may be a combination of bacteria and fungi infecting the nail bed. Many people report that Neosporin antibiotic ointment is surprisingly effective. Read more at this link! Having enough iodine during pregnancy is important as iodine is crucial for the development of the baby’s brain Abel, M. H., I. H. Caspersen, H. M. Meltzer, M. Haugen, R. E. Brandlistuen, H. Aase, J. Alexander, L. E. Torheim and A. L. Brantsaeter (2017). "Suboptimal Maternal Iodine Intake Is Associated with Impaired Child Neurodevelopment at 3 Years of Age in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study." J Nutr 147: 1314-1324. Iodine is quite reactive, but it is much less reactive than the other halogens. For example, while chlorine gas will halogenate carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and sulfur dioxide (to phosgene, nitrosyl chloride, and sulfuryl chloride respectively), iodine will not do so. Furthermore, iodination of metals tends to result in lower oxidation states than chlorination or bromination; for example, rhenium metal reacts with chlorine to form rhenium hexachloride, but with bromine it forms only rhenium pentabromide and iodine can achieve only rhenium tetraiodide. [21] By the same token, however, since iodine has the lowest ionisation energy among the halogens and is the most easily oxidised of them, it has a more significant cationic chemistry and its higher oxidation states are rather more stable than those of bromine and chlorine, for example in iodine heptafluoride. [23] Charge-transfer complexes [ edit ] Some epidemiologic studies have shown that high seaweed intakes are associated with an increased risk of certain types of thyroid cancer, particularly in postmenopausal women, but the exact mechanism is unclear. [2,3]

Lower iodides may be produced either through thermal decomposition or disproportionation, or by reducing the higher iodide with hydrogen or a metal, for example: [55] TaI 5 + Ta → 630 ∘ C ⟶ 575 ∘ C thermal gradient Ta 6 I 14 {\displaystyle {\ce {TaI5{}+Ta->[{\text{thermal gradient}}][{\ce {630

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Unlike hydrogen fluoride, anhydrous liquid hydrogen iodide is difficult to work with as a solvent, because its boiling point is low, it has a small liquid range, its permittivity is low and it does not dissociate appreciably into H 2I + and HI − This Food Fact Sheet is all about the nutrient iodine. It explains why iodine is important, how much iodine you need for health and the main food sources of iodine. What is iodine and how does it help the body? The amount of iodine in wakame seaweed depends on where it is grown. Wakame from Asia has higher amounts of iodine than wakame from Australia and New Zealand ( 8). I read in The Peoples Pharmacy about Decolorized Iodine for getting rid of toenail fungus. I have been putting it on a big toe twice a day for several weeks. It is growing out ‘clean.’

The amount of iodine in milk and dairy differs greatly based on the iodine content in the cattle feed and the use of iodine-containing disinfectants during milking ( 13). If choosing a plant-based milk alternative drink (e.g. soya/oat) choose a product that is fortified with iodine Rebagliato, M., M. Murcia, M. Espada, M. Alvarez-Pedrerol, F. Bolumar, J. Vioque, M. Basterrechea, E. Blarduni, R. Ramon, M. Guxens, C. M. Foradada, F. Ballester, J. Ibarluzea and J. Sunyer (2010). "Iodine intake and maternal thyroid function during pregnancy." Epidemiology 21(1): 62-69.Aqueous hydrogen iodide is known as hydroiodic acid, which is a strong acid. Hydrogen iodide is exceptionally soluble in water: one litre of water will dissolve 425 litres of hydrogen iodide, and the saturated solution has only four water molecules per molecule of hydrogen iodide. [48] Commercial so-called "concentrated" hydroiodic acid usually contains 48–57% HI by mass; the solution forms an azeotrope with boiling point 126.7°C at 56.7g HI per 100g solution. Hence hydroiodic acid cannot be concentrated past this point by evaporation of water. [47] Unlike gaseous hydrogen iodide, hydroiodic acid has major industrial use in the manufacture of acetic acid by the Cativa process. [49] [50]

With the exception of the noble gases, nearly all elements on the periodic table up to einsteinium ( EsI 3 is known) are known to form binary compounds with iodine. Until 1990, nitrogen triiodide [51] was only known as an ammonia adduct. Ammonia-free NI 3 was found to be isolable at –196 °C but spontaneously decomposes at 0 °C. [52] For thermodynamic reasons related to electronegativity of the elements, neutral sulfur and selenium iodides that are stable at room temperature are also nonexistent, although S 2I 2 and SI 2 are stable up to 183 and 9 K, respectively. As of 2022, no neutral binary selenium iodide has been unambiguously identified (at any temperature). [53] Sulfur- and selenium-iodine polyatomic cations (e.g., [S 2I 4 2+][AsF 6 –] 2 and [Se 2I 4 2+][Sb 2F 11 –] 2) have been prepared and characterized crystallographically. [54]Bath, S. C., C. D. Steer, J. Golding, P. Emmett and M. P. Rayman (2013). "Effect of inadequate iodine status in UK pregnant women on cognitive outcomes in their children: results from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC)." Lancet 382(9889): 331-337. Stevenson, M. C., C. Drake and D. I. Givens (2018). "Further studies on the iodine concentration of conventional, organic and UHT semi-skimmed milk at retail in the UK." Food Chem 239: 551-555. Seaweed or kelp supplements should not be used as an iodine source. The amount of iodine in such supplements can vary considerably from the value claimed on the label and can provide excessive quantities of iodine Given the large size of the iodide anion and iodine's weak oxidising power, high oxidation states are difficult to achieve in binary iodides, the maximum known being in the pentaiodides of niobium, tantalum, and protactinium. Iodides can be made by reaction of an element or its oxide, hydroxide, or carbonate with hydroiodic acid, and then dehydrated by mildly high temperatures combined with either low pressure or anhydrous hydrogen iodide gas. These methods work best when the iodide product is stable to hydrolysis. Other syntheses include high-temperature oxidative iodination of the element with iodine or hydrogen iodide, high-temperature iodination of a metal oxide or other halide by iodine, a volatile metal halide, carbon tetraiodide, or an organic iodide. For example, molybdenum(IV) oxide reacts with aluminium(III) iodide at 230°C to give molybdenum(II) iodide. An example involving halogen exchange is given below, involving the reaction of tantalum(V) chloride with excess aluminium(III) iodide at 400°C to give tantalum(V) iodide: [55] 3 TaCl 5 + 5 AlI 3 ( excess ) ⟶ 3 TaI 5 + 5 AlCl 3 {\displaystyle {\ce {3TaCl5 + {\underset {(excess)}{5AlI3}}-> 3TaI5 + 5AlCl3}}} Public Health England (2020). National Diet and Nutrition Survey (NDNS): Results from years 9 to 11 of the Rolling Programme (2016 to 2017 and 2018 to 2019). Available at: https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/ndns-results-from-years-9-to-11-2016-to-2017-and-2018-to-2019 (accessed 18 January 2021).