Of the 33 spider families represented in Britain, 21 are featured in this chart. The guide includes colour illustrations and a table with identification features, habitat and methods of prey capture for the 40 spiders featured in the chart. Yeargan, K.V. & Quate, L.W. (1997). "Adult male bolas spiders retain juvenile hunting tactics". Oecologia. 112 (4): 572–76. Bibcode: 1997Oecol.112..572Y. doi: 10.1007/s004420050347. PMID 28307636. S2CID 424262.

Spiders the Album by Space - Discography - Space the Band Spiders the Album by Space - Discography - Space the Band

Avilés, L.; Maddison, W.P.; Agnarsson, I. (2006). "A New Independently Derived Social Spider with Explosive Colony Proliferation and a Female Size Dimorphism". Biotropica. 38 (6): 743–53. doi: 10.1111/j.1744-7429.2006.00202.x. S2CID 54023263.Schultz, Stanley; Schultz, Margeurite (2009). The Tarantula Keeper's Guide. Hauppauge, New York: Barron's. p.88. ISBN 978-0-7641-3885-0. Anatomically, spiders (as with all arachnids) differ from other arthropods in that the usual body segments are fused into two tagmata, the cephalothorax or prosoma, and the opisthosoma, or abdomen, and joined by a small, cylindrical pedicel. However, as there is currently neither paleontological nor embryological evidence that spiders ever had a separate thorax-like division, there exists an argument against the validity of the term cephalothorax, which means fused cephalon (head) and the thorax. Similarly, arguments can be formed against use of the term abdomen, as the opisthosoma of all spiders contains a heart and respiratory organs, organs atypical of an abdomen. [7] Hannum, C. &

Space – Spiders (1996, CD) - Discogs Space – Spiders (1996, CD) - Discogs

a b c d e Eberhard, W.G. (1990). "Function and Phylogeny of Spider Webs" (PDF). Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. 21: 341–72. doi: 10.1146/annurev.es.21.110190.002013. Natural history of Mygalomorphae". Agricultural Research Council of New Zealand. Archived from the original on 26 December 2008 . Retrieved 13 October 2008. The hubs of orb webs, where the spiders lurk, are usually above the center, as the spiders can move downwards faster than upwards. If there is an obvious direction in which the spider can retreat to avoid its own predators, the hub is usually offset towards that direction. [75] The oldest known exclusively terrestrial arachnid is the trigonotarbid Palaeotarbus jerami, from about 420million years ago in the Silurian period, and had a triangular cephalothorax and segmented abdomen, as well as eight legs and a pair of pedipalps. [88] Attercopus fimbriunguis, from 386million years ago in the Devonian period, bears the earliest known silk-producing spigots, and was therefore hailed as a spider at the time of its discovery. [89] However, these spigots may have been mounted on the underside of the abdomen rather than on spinnerets, which are modified appendages and whose mobility is important in the building of webs. Hence Attercopus and the similar Permian arachnid Permarachne may not have been true spiders, and probably used silk for lining nests or producing egg cases rather than for building webs. [3] The largest known fossil spider as of 2011 is the araneid Nephila jurassica, from about 165million years ago, recorded from Daohuogo, Inner Mongolia in China. [90] Its body length is almost 25mm, (i.e., almost one inch). a b c d e f g Cigarettes, Johnny. "Space - Spiders". NME. Archived from the original on 17 August 2000 . Retrieved 4 June 2017. {{ cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link)

In addition to accounting for over 90% of spider species, the Araneomorphae, also known as the "true spiders", include orb-web spiders, the cursorial wolf spiders, and jumping spiders, [97] as well as the only known herbivorous spider, Bagheera kiplingi. [55] They are distinguished by having fangs that oppose each other and cross in a pinching action, in contrast to the Mygalomorphae, which have fangs that are nearly parallel in alignment. [109] Human interaction Media coverage and misconceptions Schütz, D. & Taborsky, M. (2003). "Adaptations to an aquatic life may be responsible for the reversed sexual size dimorphism in the water spider, Argyroneta aquatica" (PDF). Evolutionary Ecology Research. 5 (1): 105–17. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 December 2008 . Retrieved 11 October 2008.