Akimbekov N.S., Ortoski R.A., Razzaque M.S. Effects of sunlight exposure and vitamin D supplementation on HIV patients. J. Steroid Biochem. Mol. Biol. 2020; 200 [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Gernand A.D., Schulze K.J., Stewart C.P., West K.P., Jr., Christian P. Micronutrient deficiencies in pregnancy worldwide: health effects and prevention. Nat. Rev. Endocrinol. 2016; 12:274–289. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Olza J., Aranceta-Bartrina J., González-Gross M., Ortega R.M., Serra-Majem L., Varela-Moreiras G., Gil Á. Reported dietary intake and food sources of zinc, selenium, and vitamins A, E and C in the Spanish population: findings from the ANIBES study. Nutrients. 2017; 9 [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Matthews J.M., Sunde M. Zinc fingers--folds for many occasions. IUBMB Life. 2002; 54:351–355. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]

Marcinowska-Suchowierska E, Kupisz-Urbańska M, Łukaszkiewicz J, Płudowski P, Jones G. Vitamin D toxicity-a clinical perspective. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2018;9:550. Published 2018 Sep 20. doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00550 Meanwhile, a study in over 14,800 people revealed that people who met the recommended zinc intake were 26% less likely to have depression than those who didn’t meet this intake ( 8). Serum levels of magnesium, zinc, calcium and vitamin D have been reported to be significantly lower in women with GDM compared to healthy pregnant women [ 8, 9]. The beneficial effects of single-nutrient supplementation including magnesium [ 10], zinc [ 11], calcium and its co-administration with vitamin D [ 12] on attenuating inflammation and oxidative stress, and improving pregnancy outcomes have been proved in women with GDM. However, to our best knowledge the effects of multinutrients supplementation (magnesium-zinc-calcium-vitamin D) on inflammation and oxidative stress markers and pregnancy outcomes have not been assessed in women with GDM yet. The synergist immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of magnesium, zinc, calcium and vitamin D [ 13, 14] might enhance their impact on pregnancy outcomes in women with GDM. Same research team already published that calcium and vitamin D co-supplementation for 8weeks diminished inflammation and oxidative stress markers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). These effects were more highlighted rather than supplementing these women with calcium or vitamin D alone [ 15].Ensuring an adequate intake of calcium is vital for men and women of all ages, as evidence suggests that healthy practices early in life, including the adequate consumption of calcium and trace elements, contribute to normal bone health and optimal bone mineralisation. Peak bone mass, obtained during childhood and adolescent growth is known to be of major importance in maintaining bones later in life. The UK Department of Health recommends that everyone should consider taking a daily supplement containing vitamin D, particularly during autumn and winter. On their own, both vitamin D and magnesium support immune function which suggests that when taken together, they can double up and provide your body with a little extra help. 11 Potassium and magnesium National-Institute-of-Health . 2020. Zinc Fact Sheet for Health Professionals. https://ods.od.nih.gov/factsheets/Zinc-HealthProfessional/ [ Google Scholar] From zinc to vitamin D, we’ve got the lowdown on all the best combos and why they work so well in this article. A review of 18 studies suggests that taking magnesium may reduce feelings of anxiety among people prone to this condition. That said, researchers pointed out that none of the studies used a validated measure of subjective anxiety symptoms ( 6).

Zinc plays an important role in the development and function of many immune cells. Supplementing with this mineral may help combat infections and aid wound healing ( 13, 14). May help control blood sugar levels Rink L., Gabriel P. Zinc and the immune system. Proc. Nutr. Soc. 2000; 59:541–552. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Leon O., Roth M. Zinc fingers: DNA binding and protein-protein interactions. Biol. Res. 2000; 33:21–30. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Using the 3-day dietary records obtained at baseline, end-of-trial and throughout the trial, we observed no significant difference in macro- and micronutrient intakes between the two groups during the study (Data not shown).

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Harika R., Faber M., Samuel F., Kimiywe J., Mulugeta A., Eilander A. Micronutrient status and dietary intake of iron, vitamin A, iodine, folate and zinc in women of reproductive age and pregnant women in Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria and South Africa: a systematic review of data from 2005 to 2015. Nutrients. 2017; 9 [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Wapnir R.A. Zinc deficiency, malnutrition and the gastrointestinal tract. J. Nutr. 2000; 130:1388s–1392s. [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Zinc also helps comprise the mineral portion of your bones. In addition, it supports bone-building cells while inhibiting the formation of cells that encourage bone breakdown ( 2, 3). Discover why these combinations work well together and the potential benefits they offer below. Zinc and magnesium If you’re concerned you may be deficient in any of these nutrients, talk to a health professional who can test your levels and determine whether you should eat more of these foods or take a supplement. Summary

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Certain vitamins are very safe at levels tens or even hundreds of times the NRV, whereas for others the safety level is much closer to the NRV. For this reason every vitamin and mineral needs to considered on an individual basis in terms of its upper safe level. Baarz B.R., Rink L. Rebalancing the unbalanced aged immune system - a special focus on zinc. Ageing Res. Rev. 2022; 74 [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar] Akimbekov N.S., Digel I., Sherelkhan D.K., Lutfor A.B., Razzaque M.S. Vitamin D and the host-gut microbiome: a brief overview. Acta Histochem. Cytoc. 2020; 53:33–42. [ PMC free article] [ PubMed] [ Google Scholar]