a b c Booth, Neil (2008-02-19). "Sins of a Solar Empire Review". PALGN. Archived from the original on 2009-07-03 . Retrieved 2008-06-23.

Interview: Master of Orion III -- A Chat with the Developers". GameSpy.com. 14 January 2009. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009 . Retrieved 8 February 2022. Since 4X games involve managing a large, detailed empire, game sessions usually last longer than other strategy games. [18] Game sessions may require several hours of play-time, which can be particularly problematic for multiplayer matches. [50] For example, a small-scale game in Sins of a Solar Empire can last longer than twelve hours. [21] However, fans of the genre often expect and embrace these long game sessions; [51] Emrich wrote that "when the various parts are properly designed, other X's seem to follow. Words like EXcite, EXperiment and EXcuses (to one's significant others)". [7] Turn-based 4X games typically divide these sessions into hundreds of turns of gameplay. [41] [52]Butts, Steve (2001-06-21). "IGN – Galactic Civilizations Interview". IGN. Archived from the original on 2007-09-14 . Retrieved 2008-07-26.

a b YourConscience (2006-12-16). "GalCiv2, SotS, SEV: a 4X Comparison". Tacticular Cancer. Archived from the original on 2008-12-11 . Retrieved 2008-07-26. Paradox Interactive is a company that was spun out from developing video game adaptions of board games from Target Games. Through 2000 and 2003, the company began producing their own grand strategy video games, which included the Europa Universalis series dealing with conflicts in early modern Europe , the Crusader Kings series set in the Middle Ages, the Victoria series set in the Victorian period, and the Hearts of Iron series involving World War II. These series, as of 2023, remain under active development at Paradox, along with Stellaris (2016), a grand strategy title based on space conflict. [58] Paradox also acquired the Age of Wonders series, which is a 4X series based on a high fantasy world that includes elements of magic. [88] The aspect ratio of a 4×6 photo is 3:2, whereas the ratio of a photo taken with your smartphone is likely to be 4:3. See our article on 4:3 vs 16:9 for more clarification on this. 4×6 vs 5×7 – Which Photo Size is Best? a b "IGN Videogame Hall of Fame: Civilization". IGN. Archived from the original on 5 May 2008 . Retrieved 2008-05-21.Research is important in 4X games because technological progress is an engine for conquest. [28] Battles are often won by superior military technology or greater numbers, with battle tactics playing a smaller part. [29] [30] In contrast, military upgrades in non-4X games are sometimes small enough that technologically basic units remain important throughout the game. [31] Combat [ edit ] Before we continue, it’s worth noting that 4×6 photo print sometimes isn’t strictly four inches by six inches. Instead, it often measures approximately 4″ x 5 ⅞”. The photography printing industry adopted these standard dimensions based on the aspect ratio of the viewfinder in most early digital cameras. Most 4X and similar strategy games feature multiple possible ways to win the game. For example, in Civilization, players may win through total domination of all opposing players by conquest of their cities, but may also win through technological achievements (being the first to launch a spacecraft to a new planet), diplomacy (being elected the world leader by other nations), or other means. Multiple victory conditions help to support the human player who may have to shift strategies as the game progresses and opponents secure key resources before the player can. However, these multiple conditions can also give the computer-controlled opponents multiple pathways to potentially outwit the player, who is generally going to be over-powered in certain areas over the computer opponents. A component of the late-game design in 4X games is forcing the player to commit to a specific victory condition by making the cost and resources required to secure it so great that other possible victory conditions may need to be passed over. [58] History [ edit ] Origin [ edit ] Sid Meier, the creator of the Civilization series of 4X games

Smartphone sensors have a slightly bigger ratio than 3:2. The most common is 16:9. So I’ll show you how to ensure your photo is 4×6 without losing any image resolution. Butts, Steve (2007-06-21). "IGN Preview – Civilization IV: Beyond the Sword Hands On". IGN. Archived from the original on 25 July 2008 . Retrieved 2008-07-26.Clare, Oliver (2007-01-29). "Priceless Victories". EuroGamer. Archived from the original on 2016-11-07 . Retrieved 2008-07-28.