Strang J, Gossop M (2005). Heroin Addiction and the British System: Treatment and policy responses. Psychology Press. p.121. ISBN 978-0-415-29817-9. Baselt R (2011). Disposition of Toxic Drugs and Chemicals in Man (9thed.). Seal Beach, CA: Biomedical Publications. pp.793–7. ISBN 978-0-9626523-8-7. Doctors have developed a number of effective ways to treat addiction to street heroin. These include using certain safer drugs to replace the street heroin, such as methadone and buprenorphine. Opiate and opioid withdrawal: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia". medlineplus.gov. Archived from the original on 8 December 2019 . Retrieved 20 November 2019. Brecher EM, etal. (Editors of Consumer Reports Magazine) (1972). "Chapter 12. The "heroin overdose" mystery and other occupational hazards of addiction". The Consumers Union Report on Licit and Illicit Drugs. Schaffer Library of Drug Policy. Archived from the original on 8 February 2007.

a b c d e f g "Heroin". Drugs.com. 18 May 2014. Archived from the original on 19 October 2016 . Retrieved 19 October 2016. Taking more heroin than your body can handle can put you at risk of a potentially fatal overdose. This amount of heroin can depend on factors like your metabolism and the type of heroin you use. University at Buffalo Research Institute on Addictions: "RIA Reaching Out to Others: The Growing Peril of Heroin."

Naloxone is available as an injectable (needle) solution and nasal sprays (NARCAN ® Nasal Spray and KLOXXADO ®). Friends, family, and others in the community can use the nasal spray versions of naloxone to save someone who is overdosing. On 26 August 2016, Health Canada issued regulations amending prior regulations it had issued under the Controlled Drugs and Substances Act; the "New Classes of Practitioners Regulations", the "Narcotic Control Regulations", and the "Food and Drug Regulations", to allow doctors to prescribe diamorphine to people who have a severe opioid addiction who have not responded to other treatments. [47] [48] The prescription heroin can be accessed by doctors through Health Canada's Special Access Programme (SAP) for "emergency access to drugs for patients with serious or life-threatening conditions when conventional treatments have failed, are unsuitable, or are unavailable." [47] Routes of administration Recreational uses: Oregon decriminalizes possession of hard drugs, as four other states legalize recreational marijuana". The Washington Post. 5 November 2020. Howard G (18 September 2009). "Death of a Poet: Saying goodbye to Jim Carroll". Slate. Archived from the original on 2 January 2014 . Retrieved 2 January 2014. Depending on how you use it, heroin can go into effect immediately or within half an hour. You’ll probably first notice a rush of euphoria. Some people describe this as a warm, relaxed feeling, like resting on a cloud.

Field J (2012). The Textbook of Emergency Cardiovascular Care and CPR. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p.447. ISBN 978-1-4698-0162-9. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Here’s a basic rundown of what to know about using heroin, including how long it stays in your system, side effects, and signs of an overdose. Sugar affects our brain pathways just like addictive drugs, and most of us don’t realize how much we’re eating. Learn more. READ MORE Opium Throughout History". PBS Frontline. Archived from the original on 23 September 2006 . Retrieved 22 October 2006.Danmark redo för skattebetalt heroin"[Denmark ready for tax-paid heroin] (in Swedish). November 2008. Archived from the original on 3 December 2008 . Retrieved 30 November 2008. If you think a friend or family member is using heroin, don't wait and hope things will get better. Act right away. The sooner a person gets help, the better. Researchers are studying the long-term effects of opioid addiction on the brain. Studies have shown some loss of the brain’s white matter associated with heroin use, which may affect decision-making, behavior control, and responses to stressful situations. 6–8 How is heroin addiction treated?

Sweeting A (9 July 2004). "I died. I do remember that". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 30 December 2016. Inturrisi CE, Schultz M, Shin S, Umans JG, Angel L, Simon EJ (1983). "Evidence from opiate binding studies that heroin acts through its metabolites". Life Sciences. 33 (Suppl 1): 773–6. doi: 10.1016/0024-3205(83)90616-1. PMID 6319928. Philip Anselmo Opens Up About His Heroin Addiction, Pantera's Breakup". Blabbermouth.net. 19 August 2009. Archived from the original on 11 January 2020 . Retrieved 12 October 2013. Bonewit-West K, Hunt SA, Applegate E (2012). Today's Medical Assistant: Clinical and Administrative Procedures. Elsevier Health Sciences. p.571. ISBN 9781455701506.Hampton WH, Hanik I, Olson IR (2019). "[Substance Abuse and White Matter: Findings, Limitations, and Future of Diffusion Tensor Imaging Research]". Drug and Alcohol Dependence. 197 (4): 288–298. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.005. PMC 6440853. PMID 30875650. Yellow List: List of Narcotic Drugs Under International Control" (PDF). International Narcotics Control Board. December 2004. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 May 2012 . Retrieved 5 May 2006. Referring URL = "Yellow List". Archived from the original on 21 June 2006 . Retrieved 21 June 2006.

Heroin can be dissolved in water and then injected, this is very dangerous and can lead to overdose. By snorting it Cicero TJ, Ellis MS, Kasper ZA. Increased use of heroin as an initiating opioid of abuse. Addict Behav. 2017 Nov;74:63-66. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.05.030. Epub 2017 May 23. PubMed PMID: 28582659. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28582659 Buprenorphine, an opioid receptor partial agonist, attaches to and partially activates opioid receptors to ease withdrawal symptoms and cravings.Use of heroin by mouth is less common than other methods of administration, mainly because there is little to no "rush", and the effects are less potent. [52] Heroin is entirely converted to morphine by means of first-pass metabolism, resulting in deacetylation when ingested. Heroin's oral bioavailability is both dose-dependent (as is morphine's) and significantly higher than oral use of morphine itself, reaching up to 64.2% for high doses and 45.6% for low doses; opiate-naive users showed far less absorption of the drug at low doses, having bioavailabilities of only up to 22.9%. The maximum plasma concentration of morphine following oral administration of heroin was around twice as much as that of oral morphine. [53] Injection Turkey Travel Advice". GOV.UK. Archived from the original on 7 June 2013 . Retrieved 20 M Prescription heroin gets green light in Canada". CNN. 14 September 2016. Archived from the original on 18 September 2016 . Retrieved 19 September 2016.