a b Parlett, David (March–April 2007). "Monopolizing History". The American Interest. Archived from the original on 23 May 2013 . Retrieved 29 May 2013.

a b Orbanes, Philip E. (2013). Monopoly, Money, and You: How to Profit from the Game's Secrets of Success (Nook E-Booked.). McGraw Hill Education. p.39. ISBN 978-0-07-180844-6. Glenn, Jim; Denton, Carey (2003). The Treasury of Family Games. Amber Books Ltd. p.15. ISBN 0-7621-0431-7. Robert Barton, president of Parker Brothers, bought the rights to Finance from Knapp Electric later in 1935. [68] [69] Finance would be redeveloped, updated, and continued to be sold by Parker Brothers into the 1970s. [70] Other board games based on a similar principle, such as a game called Inflation, designed by Rudy Copeland and published by the Thomas Sales Co., in Fort Worth, Texas, also came to the attention of Parker Brothers management in the 1930s, after they began sales of Monopoly. [71] [72] Copeland continued sales of the latter game after Parker Brothers attempted a patent lawsuit against him. Parker Brothers held the Magie and Darrow patents, but settled with Copeland rather than going to trial, since Copeland was prepared to have witnesses testify that they had played Monopoly before Darrow's "invention" of the game. [73] The court settlement allowed Copeland to license Parker Brothers' patents. [74] Other agreements were reached on Big Business by Transogram, and Easy Money by Milton Bradley, based on Daniel Layman's Finance. [75] Another clone, called Fortune, was sold by Parker Brothers, and became combined with Finance in some editions. [76] The odds of rolling doubles are 6 in 36 (1 in 6) in any given roll, hence the odds of rolling into jail due to three consecutive doubles are 1 in 216 (the cube of 6.)

Reviews

Games magazine included Monopoly in their "Top 100 Games of 1980", praising it as "the original landlord game in which players buy, sell, and rent Atlantic City real estate at pre-casino prices" and noting that at the time it was "so popular that Parker Brothers prints more paper money each year than the U.S Government". [213]

In 1998, Winning Moves procured the Monopoly license from Hasbro and created new UK city and regional editions [56] with sponsored squares. Initially, in December 1998, the game was sold in just a few W H Smith stores, but demand was high, with almost 50,000 games sold in the four weeks before Christmas. Winning Moves still produces new city and regional editions annually. In 1990, Merv Griffin Enterprises turned Monopoly into a prime time game show, airing after Super Jeopardy! on Saturday nights on ABC during that summer. The program was hosted by Mike Reilly and announced by Charlie O'Donnell. List of licensed and localized editions of Monopoly: North America (including Central America but excluding the United States of America) It is also notable that three cities (Montreal, Toronto, and Vancouver) are from Canada and three other cities (Beijing, Hong Kong, and Shanghai) are from the People's Republic of China. No other countries are represented by more than one city. [201]In Austria, versions of the game first appeared as Business and Spekulation ( Speculation), and eventually evolved to become Das Kaufmännische Talent (DKT) ( The Businessman's Talent). Versions of DKT have been sold in Austria since 1940. The game first appeared as Monopoly in Austria in about 1981. [92] The Waddingtons edition was imported into The Netherlands starting in 1937, and a fully translated edition first appeared in 1941. [93] Besides the many variants of the actual game (and the Monopoly Junior spin-off) released in either video game or computer game formats (e.g., Commodore 64, Macintosh, Windows-based PC, Game Boy, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo Entertainment System, iPad, Genesis, Super NES, etc.), two spin-off computer games have been created. [142] An electronic hand-held version was marketed from 1997 to 2001. [143] Hasbro sells a Deluxe Edition, which is mostly identical to the classic edition but has wooden houses and hotels and gold-toned tokens, including one token in addition to the standard eleven, a railroad locomotive. Other additions to the Deluxe Edition include a card carousel, which holds the title deed cards, and money printed with two colors of ink. [205]