Flies are a health hazard and are attracted to toilets because of their smell. The New Scientist magazine suggested a trap for these flies. A pipe acting as a chimney was fitted to the toilet which let in some light to attract these flies up to the end of this pipe where a gauze covering prevented escape to the air outside so that they were trapped and died. Toilets are generally dark inside particularly if the door is closed. Dipterans are endopterygotes, insects that undergo radical metamorphosis. They belong to the Mecopterida, alongside the Mecoptera, Siphonaptera, Lepidoptera and Trichoptera. [5] [6] The possession of a single pair of wings distinguishes most true flies from other insects with "fly" in their names. However, some true flies such as Hippoboscidae (louse flies) have become secondarily wingless. [7] A male of Hyperalonia morio patrolling a patch of vegetation near the visitor center of Quebrada de las Higueritas in Lujan, San Luis, Argentina Bee Fly in a southern county in the UK

The abdomen and thorax hardly ever have large glossy areas formed by exposed cuticle (hoverflies often have glossy cuticular body surfaces). Brown, Lesley (1993). The New shorter Oxford English dictionary on historical principles. Clarendon. ISBN 978-0-19-861271-1. In summer we get many calls and questions from people with bees in their homes, outbuildings or bird boxes. Often these turn out to be bumblebees. As well as honey bees there are around 24 species of bumblebee and over 240 species of solitary bee in the UK. To find out what type of bees you have please see the pictures below. Brones, Anna (15 April 2013). "Illegal food: step away from the cheese, ma'am". The Guardian . Retrieved 26 May 2016.

Engel, E.O., 1932-1937. Bombyliidae. In: Die Fliegen der paläarktischen Region 4(3) ( Erwin Lindner, ed.): 1-619, pl. 1-15. E. Schweizerbart, Stuttgart.). Old and outdated, not easy to get and expensive but some of the only keys to taxa in the Palaearctic Region. a b Layer, Stefan (2013-06-25). "Unusual Flight Behaviour in the Beefly Bombylius major (Diptera: Bombylidae)". Entomologia Generalis. 34 (3): 161–168. doi: 10.1127/entom.gen/34/2013/161. ISSN 0171-8177. Colless, D.H. & McAlpine, D.K. (1991). Diptera (flies), pp.717–786. In: The Division of Entomology. Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Canberra (spons.), The Insects of Australia. Melbourne University Press. The legs are long and thin and the front legs are sometimes smaller and more slender than the middle and rear legs. Typically, they are provided with bristles at the apex of the tibiae, without empodia and, sometimes, also without pulvilli. The wings are transparent, often hyaline or evenly colored or with bands. The alula are well developed and in the rest position the wings are kept open and horizontal in a V shape revealing the sides of the abdomen. The Sardinian cheese casu marzu is exposed to flies known as cheese skippers such as Piophila casei, members of the family Piophilidae. [114] The digestive activities of the fly larvae soften the cheese and modify the aroma as part of the process of maturation. At one time European Union authorities banned sale of the cheese and it was becoming hard to find, [115] but the ban has been lifted on the grounds that the cheese is a traditional local product made by traditional methods. [116] Hazards

Flies are eaten by other animals at all stages of their development. The eggs and larvae are parasitised by other insects and are eaten by many creatures, some of which specialise in feeding on flies but most of which consume them as part of a mixed diet. Birds, bats, frogs, lizards, dragonflies and spiders are among the predators of flies. [79] Many flies have evolved mimetic resemblances that aid their protection. Batesian mimicry is widespread with many hoverflies resembling bees and wasps, [80] [81] ants [82] and some species of tephritid fruit fly resembling spiders. [83] Some species of hoverfly are myrmecophilous—their young live and grow within the nests of ants. They are protected from the ants by imitating chemical odours given by ant colony members. [84] Bombyliid bee flies such as Bombylius major are short-bodied, round, furry, and distinctly bee-like as they visit flowers for nectar, and are likely also Batesian mimics of bees. [85] Gullan, P.J.; Cranston, P.S. (2009). The Insects: An Outline of Entomology. John Wiley & Sons. p.320. ISBN 978-1-4051-4457-5. Strijbosch, H. (1980). "Mortality in a population of Bufo bufo resulting from the fly Lucilia bufonivora". Oecologia. 45 (2): 285–286. Bibcode: 1980Oecol..45..285S. doi: 10.1007/BF00346472. PMID 28309542. S2CID 32817424.The internal systematic of bee-flies is uncertain. In the past, 31 subfamilies were well defined, but the family is thought to be polyphyletic ( sensu lato). In the 1980s and '90s, the family has undergone several revisions: Webb (1981) [12] finally moved the genus Hilarimorpha into their own family ( Hilarimorphidae). Zaitzev (1991) [13] moved the genus Mythicomyia and several other minor genera in the family Mythicomyiidae, Yeates (1992, 1994) [14] shifted the entire subfamily of Proratinae, with the exception of Apystomyia, into the family of Scenopinidae and subsequently the genus Apystomyia into the family Hilarimorphidae. Nagatomi & Liu (1994) moved Apystomyia into a family of their own ( Apystomyiidae. After these revisions, the bee flies sensu stricto have a greater morphological homogeneity, but the monophyly of the family still remains dubious. [15] Phylogenetic analysis of CAD and 28S rDNA gene sequences supports monophyly of only eight subfamilies out of fifteen included in the study, with the Bombyliinae resolving as a highly polyphyletic group. [16] While honey bees have four wings, one set of small inner wings, and a set of larger outer wings, small teeth-like structures called hamuli hold the larger and smaller wings together allowing the bee to utilise all four wings as though they had only two. However, as wonderful as these insects are – bees do not fly in hard rain or high winds. Hard rain could break their wings and in windy weather the effort often outweighs the rewards. Why Bees Can Hook and Unhook Wings? Deora, Tanvi; Singh, Amit Kumar; Sane, Sanjay P. (3 February 2015). "Biomechanical basis of wing and haltere coordination in flies". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 112 (5): 1481–1486. Bibcode: 2015PNAS..112.1481D. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1412279112. PMC 4321282. PMID 25605915. White larvae gradually turn into a yellowish brown pupa, with distinct mouthparts, wings, antennae, and legs. [9] Diet [ edit ] B. major feeding on nectar