Two recruits receive a more severe and formal caning. This is a real punishment, not a token ceremony. Wells-Oghoghomeh, Alexis. The Souls of Womenfolk: The Religious Cultures of Enslaved Women in the Lower South (UNC Press Books, 2021). Jersey: 53 years after being birched as a teenage criminal, an old man is interviewed about it. We also see the contraption used, still in storage after lying idle for 40 years.

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News report (Dec 2007) about the paddling of a boy, 11, in a Tennessee middle school. His grandmother had given permission for the punishment, but then complained that the swats were too hard. The district superintendent is interviewed. However, what do we know about the women? All too often, the picture of female slaves is only painted in contrast to male slaves. In large plantations, gender roles were enforced and women tended to have less physically demanding tasks on the plantations. Additionally, there were some women who were given more domestic tasks as house slaves. Does this mean that they had it easier? No, they had it much worse. Women, specifically young girls, started with a lower standing in society than their male counterparts. They started in a more vulnerable position and had less control over their lives.United States: TV news report (Feb 2015) about an (unsuccessful) attempt to abolish school paddling in Tennessee. Below are just 20 such paintings (there are many more). Aside from noting the artist’s name; year of painting; and, where possible, title—information which is often difficult to ascertain — I’ve limited my remarks to important asides and clarifications, mostly in the first few paintings, leaving the rest to speak for themselves. They follow.

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Schools in Temple, Texas, report improved behavior following the reintroduction a year ago of the paddle. Graphic footage of a different Malaysian judicial caning. Full-length version of a 10-stroke caning for which we previously had only an "edited highlights" version. Malone, Ann Patton. Sweet Chariot: Slave Family and Household Structure in Nineteenth Century Louisiana (U of North Carolina Press, 1992). United States: Yet another TV news report (2006) featuring a mother unhappy about her son's paddling at school, even though she had given permission for it.

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Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning. The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America, New York: Nation Books 2016. ISBN 978-1-5685-8464-5, pp.183–184. First we meet Eliza, played by Adepero Oduye, who was kept as the enslaved mistress of her master for nine years. She confesses to Northup in the slave pen: “I have done dishonourable things to survive … God forgive me”. Dec 2012: Two young men are paraded before TV cameras on the courtroom steps after being sentenced to strokes of the rotan for rape and robbery. United States: TV news report from April 2011 on a Missouri school district where the paddle (pictured) is in regular use.