Androgen replacement therapy for men with low levels of testosterone; also effective in improving libido for elderly males. [31] [32] [33] [34] Eastley T (January 18, 2006). "Steroid study debunks user stereotypes". ABC. Archived from the original on 2014-07-16 . Retrieved 2014-01-03.

BBC News Why is steroid use rising among male bodybuilders? - BBC News

Wang C, et al. (2004). Measurement of total serum testosterone in adult men: Comparison of current laboratory methods versus liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. DOI: When doctors prescribe steroid medication, they always advise coming off the medication slowly by gradually reducing the dose. pyramiding: starting with small doses and then taking more and more, followed by reducing the amount again Burkett, Lee N.; Falduto, Michael T. (1984). "Steroid Use by Athletes in a Metropolitan Area". The Physician and Sportsmedicine. 12 (8): 69–74. doi: 10.1080/00913847.1984.11701923. ISSN 0091-3847.There are plenty of safe, natural ways to get the performance, strength, and bulk you’re looking for: But like any artificial supplement, they can be dangerous or even deadly when misused, whether you use too much or for too long a time. Solimini R, et al. (2017). Hepatotoxicity associated with illicit use of anabolic androgenic steroids in doping.

Anabolic Steroids: Uses, Side Effects, and Alternatives - Healthline Anabolic Steroids: Uses, Side Effects, and Alternatives -

Most steroid users are not athletes. [50] In the United States, between 1 million and 3 million people (1% of the population) are thought to have used AAS. [51] Studies in the United States have shown that AAS users tend to be mostly middle-class men with a median age of about 25 who are noncompetitive bodybuilders and non-athletes and use the drugs for cosmetic purposes. [52] "Among 12- to 17-year-old boys, use of steroids and similar drugs jumped 25 percent from 1999 to 2000, with 20 percent saying they use them for looks rather than sports, a study by insurer Blue Cross Blue Shield found."(Eisenhauer) Another study found that non-medical use of AAS among college students was at or less than 1%. [53] According to a recent survey, 78.4% of steroid users were noncompetitive bodybuilders and non-athletes, while about 13% reported unsafe injection practices such as reusing needles, sharing needles, and sharing multidose vials, [54] though a 2007 study found that sharing of needles was extremely uncommon among individuals using AAS for non-medical purposes, less than 1%. [55] Another 2007 study found that 74% of non-medical AAS users had post-secondary degrees and more had completed college and fewer had failed to complete high school than is expected from the general populace. [55] The same study found that individuals using AAS for non-medical purposes had a higher employment rate and a higher household income than the general population. [55] AAS users tend to research the drugs they are taking more than other controlled-substance users; [ citation needed] however, the major sources consulted by steroid users include friends, non-medical handbooks, internet-based forums, blogs, and fitness magazines, which can provide questionable or inaccurate information. [56] Legal steroids are over-the-counter supplements meant to help with bodybuilding, workout performance, and stamina. Learn what precautions to take if… READ MORE Thomas L. Lemke; David A. Williams (24 January 2012). Foye's Principles of Medicinal Chemistry. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp.1358–. ISBN 978-1-60913-345-0. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021 . Retrieved 13 September 2020.Piacentino D, et al. (2015). Anabolic-androgenic steroid use and psychopathology in athletes. A systematic review. DOI: Li H, Guo Y, Yang Z, Roy M, Guo Q (June 2016). "The efficacy and safety of oxandrolone treatment for patients with severe burns: A systematic review and meta-analysis". Burns. 42 (4): 717–27. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2015.08.023. PMID 26454425. S2CID 24139354. From the steroid scandals that plagued major league baseball to the jokes that surround steroid side effects among weightlifters and bodybuilders, using steroids doesn’t enjoy a good reputation. The capacity to be metabolized by 5α-reductase and the AR activity of the resultant metabolites appears to be one of the major, if not the most important determinant of the androgenic–myotrophic ratio for a given AAS. [72] AAS that are not potentiated by 5α-reductase or that are weakened by 5α-reductase in androgenic tissues have a reduced risk of androgenic side effects such as acne, androgenic alopecia (male-pattern baldness), hirsutism (excessive male-pattern hair growth), benign prostatic hyperplasia (prostate enlargement), and prostate cancer, while incidence and magnitude of other effects such as muscle hypertrophy, bone changes, [167] voice deepening, and changes in sex drive show no difference. [72] [168] Aromatase and estrogenicity [ edit ]