In the early 1990s, the former dissident and one of the founders of Russian neo-paganism Alexey Dobrovolsky first gave the name "kolovrat" to a four-beam swastika, identical to the Nazi symbol, and later transferred this name to an eight-beam rectangular swastika. [276] According to the historian and religious scholar Roman Shizhensky, Dobrovolsky took the idea of the swastika from the work "The Chronicle of Oera Linda" [277] by the Nazi ideologist Herman Wirth, the first head of the Ahnenerbe. [278] Kainuun Kerho (18 September 2009). "Kainuun Kerho". PPO.Osakunta.fi. Archived from the original on 5 October 2009 . Retrieved 2 March 2010. Tursan Sydän". Tursa.fi (in Finnish). 2007. Archived from the original on 3 October 2009 . Retrieved 2 March 2010. Significance of Swastika in Diwali celebrations". indiatribune.com. 27 October 2010 . Retrieved 11 November 2018.

a b c d e f g h i j k Gere, Cathy (2006). The Tomb of Agamemnon. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-02170-9. Parthians Joking) یا کتیبه های درست دینان سلطنت قباد؟". Civilica (in Persian). 25 September 1395 . Retrieved 18 February 2022.

Its “Discovery” and Meanings in Modern Europe

Allchin, F. R.; Erdosy, George (1995). The Archaeology of Early Historic South Asia: The Emergence of Cities and States. Cambridge University Press. p.180. ISBN 978-0-521-37695-2. At the annual Nazi Party rally in Nuremberg in September 1935, the German government passed new legislation aimed at further disenfranchising Germany’s Jews. Included among the so-called Nuremberg Race Laws was the Reich Flag Law (September 15, 1935) that declared that henceforth the swastika flag would constitute the official national flag of the German Reich. That same day, the government passed the Law for the Protection of German Blood and German Honor, which prohibited marriages and sexual relations between citizens of “German or those of kindred blood” and Jews. A further stipulation spelled out that Jews were banned from raising the new German flag (the swastika) and displaying the national colors. Sagan, Carl; Druyan, Ann (1985). Comet (1sted.). New York: Random House. pp.181–187. ISBN 0-394-54908-2. OCLC 12080683.

Swastika Laundry (1912–1987)". Come here to me!. Comeheretome.wordpress.com. 26 April 2010 . Retrieved 3 October 2010. In Christianity, the swastika is used as a hooked version of the Christian Cross, the symbol of Christ's victory over death. Some Christian churches built in the Romanesque and Gothic eras are decorated with swastikas, carrying over earlier Roman designs. Swastikas are prominently displayed in a mosaic in the St. Sophia church of Kyiv, Ukraine dating from the 12th century. They also appear as a repeating ornamental motif on a tomb in the Basilica of St. Ambrose in Milan. [133]

Spiritual Swastika Origins from Around the World

The left-handed swastika was a favorite sign of the last Russian Empress Alexandra Feodorovna. She wore a talisman in the form of a swastika, put it everywhere for happiness, including on her suicide letters from Tobolsk, [192] later drew with a pencil on the wall and in the window opening of the room in the Ipatiev House, which served as the place of the last imprisonment of the royal family and on the wallpaper above the bed. [193]

In Chinese and Japanese art, the swastika is often found as part of a repeating pattern. One common pattern, called sayagata in Japanese, comprises left- and right-facing swastikas joined by lines. [100] As the negative space between the lines has a distinctive shape, the sayagata pattern is sometimes called the key fret motif in English. [ citation needed] Eastern Europe and Caucasus [ edit ] Armenian arevakhach Latvia Bans Nazi, Soviet Symbols at Public Events". Haaretz. 20 June 2013 . Retrieved 8 November 2018. The house Schliemann had had built in Panepistimiou Street in Athens by 1880, Iliou Melathron, is decorated with swastika symbols and motifs in numerous places, including the ironwork railing and gates, the window bars, the ceiling fresco of the entrance hall, and the entire floor of one room. [155] :117–123 Anti-Nazi-Symbole sind nicht strafbar"[Anti-Nazi symbols are not forbidden]. Der Spiegel (in German). 15 March 2007 . Retrieved 2 March 2010. a b Kane, Rich (29 August 2017). "A group of protesters demanded that a Native American swastika be removed from an SLC market — but were they right?". Salt Lake City Tribune. Archived from the original on 24 March 2022 . Retrieved 24 March 2022.

The Origins of the Swastika

After his excavations at Troy, Schliemann began digging at Mycenae. According to Cathy Gere, "Having burdened the swastika symbol with such cultural, religious and racial significance in Troy and Its Remains, it was incumbent on Schliemann to find the symbol repeated at Mycenae, but its occurrence turned out to be disappointingly infrequent". [155] :91 Gere writes that "He did his best with what he had" [155] :91: Adding the character wan ( 卐 or 卍) to other auspicious Chinese symbols or patterns can multiply that wish by 10,000 times. [95] [97] :175 It can be combined with other Chinese characters, such as the Chinese character shou《 壽》for longevity where it is sometimes even integrated into the Chinese character shou to augment the menaning of longevity. [97] :175 The swastika is also seen in Egypt during the Coptic period. Textile number T.231-1923 held at the V&A Museum in London includes small swastikas in its design. This piece was found at Qau-el-Kebir, near Asyut, and is dated between 300 and 600 CE. [80] Among the gold grave goods at Grave Circles A and B was a repoussé roundel in grave III of Grave Circle A, the ornamentation of which Schliemann thought was "derived" from the swastika: