The tip is followed by the body of the tongue. It has a rough dorsal (superior) surface that abuts the palate and is populated with taste buds and lingual papillae, and a smooth ventral (inferior) surface that is attached to the floor of the oral cavity by the lingual frenulum. To improve tongue strength, we encourage the child to give his tongue full movement throughout his mouth. For this, you can try these exercises: Ask the students to put their fingers on their throat and feel when the 'engine' is switched on/off. Get Yourself these Bite and Chew Tubes. Ask your child to really press their teeth on the tubes. Release and repeat. The impact of tongue-ties and their release on speech has been the subject of ongoing research. Let's take a look at some recent findings:

If you have any ideas on tongue exercises to improve speech articulation, please join us in our FREE Facebook community to be a part of the challenge! Filiform papillae are the most abundant of the four types of papillae. They are stretched, conical, grey-white papillae that are covered in a heavy coat of keratinized squamous epithelium. By making the dorsal surface of the tongue rough, these papillae provide friction to allow movement of the food bolus during chewing. It should be noted that these papillae do not possess taste buds. The palatoglossal and palatopharyngeal arches (along with the palatine tonsils) have lateral relations to the posterior third of the tongue. Posterior to the base of the tongue is the dorsal surface of the epiglottis and laryngeal inlet, and the posterior wall of the oropharynx. As mentioned earlier, the presulcal and postsulcal parts of the tongue differ not only by anatomical location, but also based on embryological origin, innervation, and the type of mucosa found on its surface. Anterior two thirds

The oral and pharyngeal part of the tongue eventually fuses, forming a V-shaped junction known as the sulcus terminalis. While the connective tissue and vascular supply of the tongue mostly originate from the preceding pharyngeal arches, the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles are myoblast derivatives originating from the occipital myotomes.

The tongue is one of those structures derived from the pharyngeal apparatus. Towards the end of the fourth gestational week, the mesenchyme of the ventromedial aspect of the first pharyngeal arches begins to proliferate in the floor of the primitive pharynx to form the median lingual swelling (tuberculum impar). This triangular protuberance is located cranial to the foramen cecum (opening of the thyroglossal duct) and is later joined by the two distal tongue buds ( lateral lingual swellings). The lateral lingual swellings are oval enlargements arising on either side of the median lingual swelling. The rate of growth of the lateral lingual swellings exceeds that of the median lingual swelling. There are three cranial nerves responsible for conveying taste sensation from the tongue to the brain. These are facial (CN VII), glossopharyngeal (CN IX) and (to a lesser extent) vagus (CN X) nerves The region of the tongue covered by each nerve is dependent on the proximity of the developing taste bud (and lingual papilla) to the free nerve ending. The facial nerve mitigates special sensory signals from the anterior two-thirds of the tongue, as well as from the inferior part of the soft palate. Fibers of the facial nerve arise across the tongue, anterior to the terminal sulcus and are initally are carried via the lingual nerve, which in turn passes them onto the chorda tympani. All content published on Kenhub is reviewed by medical and anatomy experts. The information we provide is grounded on academic literature and peer-reviewed research. Kenhub does not provide medical advice. You can learn more about our content creation and review standards by reading our content quality guidelines. The superior longitudinal muscles are made up of a thin layer of muscle fibers traveling in a mixture of oblique and longitudinal axes just deep to the superior mucosal surface of the organ. These fibers arise from the median fibrous septum as well as the fibrous layer of submucosa from the level of the epiglottis. They eventually insert along the lateral and apical margins of the organ. These muscles are responsible for retracting and broadening the tongue, as well as elevating the tip of the tongue. The net effect of these muscles results in shortening of the organ.While tongue-ties can contribute to speech difficulties, it's important to understand that they are not always the cause. Some children with tongue-ties experience normal speech development, while others may have difficulties pronouncing some sounds. Inferior - mucosa of the floor of the oral cavity, sublingual salivary glands, posterior wall of oropharynx Tongue-ties are quite common and can occur in approximately 4-10% of the population (Salt et al., 2020). My mother-in-law, Win, introduced me to Mrs Tongue quite some time ago. Over her many years (50+) of teaching speech and drama, it was one of her favorite drills for assuring crisply pronounced words. She used it with her English as a Second Language (ESL) students, as well as with both adult and much younger pupils needing help with speech clarity. Don’t try all these exercises in one sitting. Do 5 minutes of these exercises in each sitting. Sneak them in during playtime or even dinner time.