One other line that failed to be included into the Underground network was the one from Wimbledon to Sutton. First proposed in 1910 and intended to be an extension to the District Line, it was opposed by both the London, Brighton & South Coast Railway and the London & South Western Railway on the grounds that it would infringe on their territory. When the line finally opened in 1930 it was therefore operated by Southern Railways (which had absorbed the LB&SCR and LSWR in 1923). Today it is part of Thameslink. The service to Ostend via Dover was re-introduced on 18 January 1919. Civilian trains to Boulogne via Folkestone restarted on 3 February. Boat train services to Newhaven started on 1 June, and a connection with Paris started on 15 July. On 8 January 1920, Victoria replaced Charing Cross as the main station for continental services, as it had more facilities and closer locomotive and carriage facilities. The service to Paris via Calais and Dover began on the same day. [47] Southern Railway [ edit ] The Brighton side concourse in 1955 Following the war, memorials were built on both parts of the station. The Southern Railway side marks 626 soldiers killed or missing, while the Chatham side marks 556. [47] A plaque marks the arrival of the body of The Unknown Warrior at Victoria on 10 November 1920. [48] Following growth in passenger numbers in the 2000s, Victoria Underground station became one of the busiest on the Underground, with around 80 million passengers a year. [109] [132] At rush hour, more than 30,000 passengers entered the station between 8 and 9am, and entrances to the station were frequently closed due to dangerous levels of overcrowding at platform level. [109] Minnis, John. Britain’s Lost Railways: The Twentieth-Century Destruction of Our Finest Railway Architecture.

Victoria Station". Network Rail. 26 July 2012. Archived from the original on 11 May 2016 . Retrieved 25 February 2016. The Midland (and its successors) used the Tottenham & Hampstead to run trains from St Pancras to Southend from 1895 to 1961, and to Tilbury to connect with ocean liners until 1963. The Great Eastern (and successors) used it for services from St Pancras to Cambridge from 1870 to 1933. Source 8: Letter to the Commissioner of Police from the Home Office at Whitehall about rewards for certain policemen who worked on the case, 6 th February, 1865 (Catalogue ref: MEPO 3/76) How old is the Circle line?". The Daily Telegraph. London. 6 October 2016. Archived from the original on 12 January 2022 . Retrieved 19 August 2017.Most early railways focused on long distance traffic, however. The London termini were built on what was then the outskirts of the city, and so coming out of London Bridge the countryside began at New Cross. The fields also started immediately one left Paddington and when Ealing (now Ealing Broadway) station opened in 1839 it was a rural halt. On the line out of Kings Cross, opened in 1852, the first stop was Hornsey, a leafy village. Finsbury Park - originally Seven Sisters Road (Holloway) - did not open till 1861. Given that all these services existed in the late Victorian era, why did many of them not survive into the modern era? The reason was increasing competition from other modes of transport. Trams had existed since 1880, but from 1901 they were electrified, which made them easier to use than the train on many urban routes. Tram usage doubled in the decade to 1911. I am going to design, in a great hurry, a station after my own fancy . . . with engineering roofs etc., etc.. It is at Paddington, in a cutting, and admitting of no exterior, all interior and all roofed in . . . Now such a thing will be entirely metal as to all the general forms, arrangements and design; it almost of necessity becomes an Engineering Work, but, to be honest, even if it were not, it is a branch of architecture of which I am fond, and, of course, believe myself to be fully competent for, but for detail of ornamentation I neither have time nor knowledge, and with all my confidence in my own ability I have never any objection to advice and assistance even in the department which I keep to myself, namely the general design. Now, in this building which, entre nous, will be one of the largest of its class, I want to carry out, strictly and fully, all those correct notions of the use of metal which I believe you and I share (except that I should carry them sill farther than you) . . . I want to show the public that colour can be used . . . ” (quoted also by L T C Rolt, Isambard Kingdom Brunel, London, 1957.) The Great Eastern also wanted a share in the traffic to Alexandra Palace and built a branch line from Seven Sisters to a station called Palace Gates at the eastern foot of the hill on which the palace stands. This opened in 1878 and the idea was to extend it up to the palace itself. But an obvious problem was the gradient (it would have required an enormous viaduct) and the extension never happened.

Southeastern services at Victoria use platforms 1–8. The station is served by a mixture of metro and long distance (mainline) services. Metro services are operated using Class 465 and 466 EMUs whilst mainline services are operated using Class 375 and 377 EMUs. Great Northern and Great Western trains also went south of the river along the LCDR lines, and the Great Western had a freight depot (which did not close till 1962 and whose curved entrance ramp is still clearly visible) under Smithfield Market. Both companies, as well as the Midland, ran trains into Moorgate. The Great Western Railway in fact ran a great variety of trains into Farringdon and Moorgate - from Hammersmith, Kensington (now Kensington Olympia), Richmond, even Windsor. Part of the present Beacon Shopping Centre and Central Library now sit above this tunnel which is still in regular use and forms an important section of the present Metro network. Meanwhile from the south, the London & South Western Railway (normal terminus Waterloo) ran trains from Wimbledon via Clapham Junction to Ludgate Hill, and also had a rather circuitous Richmond service, taking its own line from Acton towards Hammersmith (now the Piccadilly and District lines), then switching via a link now lost to the West London Line to Clapham Junction, and going on from there to the Ludgate Hill. Bradshaw’s Guide, first published in 1847, was a popular guidebook to the British railway system during the Victorian era. The book contained detailed information on the railway routes, timetables, and fares, as well as descriptions of the towns and landmarks along the way. It was widely used by Victorian travelers and became an iconic symbol of the railway age. Michael Portillo’s use of Bradshaw’s Guide in his television series has helped to revive interest in this historic guidebook and has provided viewers with a fascinating glimpse into the world of Victorian travel and exploration. The Arrival of the London UndergroundThe original DR station was rebuilt at the beginning of the 20th century, initially as a single-storey structure. An office building was built above it later. The line was electrified in 1905. [120] In 1949, the Inner Circle route was given its own identity on the tube map as the Circle line. [121] [122] Victoria line [ edit ]