Eastern Suburbs Banksia Scrub of the Sydney Region" (PDF). Department of Agriculture, Water and the Environment. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 September 2022 . Retrieved 15 September 2022. To the south of The Domain is Hyde Park, the oldest public parkland in Australia which measures 16.2ha (0.1sqmi). [268] Its location was used for both relaxation and grazing of animals from the earliest days of the colony. [269] Macquarie dedicated it in 1810 for the "recreation and amusement of the inhabitants of the town" and named it in honour of Hyde Park in London.

a b c d "Regional Population - 2021-22 final". Australian Bureau of Statistics . Retrieved 19 August 2023. Sydney Harbour Bridge". Commonwealth of Australia. 2014. Archived from the original on 12 May 2012 . Retrieved 6 July 2014. The inhabitants subsisted on fishing, hunting, and gathering plants and shellfish. The diet of the coastal clans was more reliant on seafood whereas hinterland clans ate more forest animals and plants. The clans had distinctive equipment and weapons mostly made of stone, wood, plant materials, bone and shell. They also differed in their body decorations, hairstyles, songs and dances. Aboriginal clans had a rich ceremonial life, part of a belief system centering on ancestral, totemic and supernatural beings. People from different clans and language groups came together to participate in initiation and other ceremonies. These occasions fostered trade, marriages and clan alliances. [36]Jones, I., and Verdel, C. (2015). Basalt distribution and volume estimates of Cenozoic volcanism in the Bowen Basin region of eastern Australia: Implications for a waning mantle plume. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 62(2), 255–263. Birch, Alan; Macmillan, David S. (1982). The Sydney Scene, 1788-1960 (2nded.). Sydney: Hale and Iremonger. pp.105–06. ISBN 0868060178. Further information: Greater Western Sydney Parramatta, a major commercial centre of Greater Western Sydney, is often coined as Sydney's "second CBD"

McDermott, Marie-Louise, Marie-Louise (2011). "Ocean baths". Dictionary of Sydney, State Library of New South Wales . Retrieved 2 August 2022. When the six colonies federated on 1 January 1901, Sydney became the capital of the State of New South Wales. The spread of bubonic plague in 1900 prompted the state government to modernise the wharves and demolish inner-city slums. The outbreak of the First World War in 1914 saw more Sydney males volunteer for the armed forces than the Commonwealth authorities could process, and helped reduce unemployment. Those returning from the war in 1918 were promised "homes fit for heroes" in new suburbs such as Daceyville and Matraville. "Garden suburbs" and mixed industrial and residential developments also grew along the rail and tram corridors. [61] The population reached one million in 1926, after Sydney had regained its position as the most populous city in Australia. [80] The government created jobs with massive public projects such as the electrification of the Sydney rail network and building the Sydney Harbour Bridge. [81] Sydney Harbour Bridge opening day, 19 March 1932 Southern Sydney [ edit ] Kurnell, La Perouse, and Cronulla, along with various other suburbs, face Botany Bay. Special Climate Statement 71—severe fire weather conditions in southeast Queensland and northeast New South Wales in September 2019" (PDF). Bureau of Meteorology. 24 September 2019 . Retrieved 5 January 2020. A short history of the Australian Museum". Australian Museum. Australia Museum. 20 July 2014. Archived from the original on 22 August 2020 . Retrieved 21 August 2020. Alt URLWomen were first allowed to participate in recreational swimming when separate baths were opened at Woolloomooloo Bay in the 1830s. From being illegal at the beginning of the century, sea bathing gained immense popularity during the early 1900s and the first surf lifesaving club was established at Bondi Beach. [378] [379] Disputes about appropriate clothing for surf bathing surfaced occasionally and concerned men as well as women. The City2Surf is an annual 14km (8.7mi) running race from the CBD to Bondi Beach and has been held since 1971. In 2010, 80,000 runners participated which made it the largest run of its kind in the world. [380] Major developmental projects designed to increase Sydney's tourism sector include a casino and hotel at Barangaroo and the redevelopment of East Darling Harbour, which involves a new exhibition and convention centre, now Australia's largest. [311] [312] [313] Benson, D. H. and Howell J. (1990) Taken for Granted: the Bushland of Sydney and Its Suburbs, Sydney The Sydney International tennis tournament is held here at the beginning of each year as the warm-up for the Grand Slam in Melbourne. Two of the most successful tennis players in history ( Ken Rosewall and Todd Woodbridge) were born in and live in the city. The first meeting between Aboriginals and British explorers occurred on 29 April 1770 when Lieutenant James Cook landed at Botany Bay (Kamay [41]) and encountered the Gweagal clan. [42] Two Gweagal men opposed the landing party and one was shot and wounded. [43] [44] Cook and his crew stayed at Botany Bay for a week, collecting water, timber, fodder and botanical specimens and exploring the surrounding area. Cook sought to establish relations with the Aboriginal population without success. [45] Convict town (1788–1840) [ edit ] The Founding of Australia, 26 January 1788, by Captain Arthur Phillip R.N., Sydney Cove. Painting by Algernon Talmage.

Santamouris, Mat; Haddad, Shamila; Fiorito, Francesco; Osmond, Paul; Ding, Lan; Prasad, Deo; Zhai, Xiaoqiang; Wang, Ruzhu (2017). "Urban Heat Island and Overheating Characteristics in Sydney, Australia. An Analysis of Multiyear Measurements". Sustainability. 9 (5): 712. doi: 10.3390/su9050712.Sydney is a coastal basin with the Tasman Sea to the east, the Blue Mountains to the west, the Hawkesbury River to the north, and the Woronora Plateau to the south. The largest shopping centres in Australia". worldatlas.com. 6 November 2019 . Retrieved 24 April 2020. Sydney experiences an urban heat island effect. [134] This makes certain parts of the city more vulnerable to extreme heat, including coastal suburbs. [134] [135] In late spring and summer, temperatures over 35°C (95°F) are not uncommon, [136] though hot, dry conditions are usually ended by a southerly buster, [137] a powerful southerly that brings gale winds and a rapid fall in temperature. [138] Since Sydney is downwind of the Great Dividing Range, it occasionally experiences dry, westerly foehn winds typically in winter and early spring (which are the reason for its warm maximum temperatures). [139] [140] [141] Westerly winds are intense when the Roaring Forties (or the Southern Annular Mode) shift towards southeastern Australia, [142] where they may damage homes and affect flights, in addition to making the temperature seem colder than it actually is. [143] [144] So far we haven’t been able to find any connection between this male, the aged-care facility and the woman prior to the ... offence,” she told reporters. Bankstown Reservoir (Elevated)". New South Wales State Heritage Register. Department of Planning & Environment . Retrieved 27 March 2018. Text is licensed by State of New South Wales (Department of Planning and Environment) under CC-BY 4.0 licence.

Main article: Railways in Sydney Central station is the busiest railway station in Australia, and the city's main public transport hub. Main article: Geography of Sydney Topography [ edit ] Sydney lies on a submergent coastline where the ocean level has risen to flood deep rias. Herbert, Chris; Helby, Robin (1980). A Guide to the Sydney basin (1ed.). Maitland: Geological Survey of New South Wales. p.582. ISBN 0-7240-1250-8. Sydney's Chinatown has had numerous locations since the 1850s. It moved from George Street to Campbell Street to its current setting in Dixon Street in 1980. [362] Little Italy is located in Stanley Street. [276]Tom Smith (4 November 2017). "Why Sydney Is Also Known As 'The Emerald City' " . Retrieved 11 September 2021.