Main article: Music of Russia Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (1840–1893), in a 1893 painting by Nikolai Dmitriyevich Kuznetsov

Since the times of Nikolay Lobachevsky, who pioneered the non-Euclidean geometry, and Pafnuty Chebyshev, a prominent tutor; Russian mathematicians became among the world's most influential. [411] Dmitry Mendeleev invented the Periodic table, the main framework of modern chemistry. [412] Nine Soviet and Russian mathematicians have been awarded with the Fields Medal. Grigori Perelman was offered the first ever Clay Millennium Prize Problems Award for his final proof of the Poincaré conjecture in 2002, as well as the Fields Medal in 2006. [413] Russia has eight—public, patriotic, and religious—official holidays. [526] The year starts with New Year's Day on 1 January, soon followed by Russian Orthodox Christmas on 7 January; the two are the country's most popular holidays. [527] Defender of the Fatherland Day, dedicated to men, is celebrated on 23 February. [528] International Women's Day on 8 March, gained momentum in Russia during the Soviet era. The annual celebration of women has become so popular, especially among Russian men, that Moscow's flower vendors often see profits of "15 times" more than other holidays. [529] Spring and Labour Day, originally a Soviet era holiday dedicated to workers, is celebrated on 1 May. [530] The size of Russia and the remoteness of many of its areas from the sea result in the dominance of the humid continental climate throughout most of the country, except for the tundra and the extreme southwest. Mountain ranges in the south and east obstruct the flow of warm air masses from the Indian and Pacific oceans, while the European Plain spanning its west and north opens it to influence from the Atlantic and Arctic oceans. [235] Most of northwest Russia and Siberia have a subarctic climate, with extremely severe winters in the inner regions of northeast Siberia (mostly Sakha, where the Northern Pole of Cold is located with the record low temperature of −71.2°C or −96.2°F), [228] and more moderate winters elsewhere. Russia's vast coastline along the Arctic Ocean and the Russian Arctic islands have a polar climate. [235]The Russian federation: general characteristics". Federal State Statistics Service. Archived from the original on 28 July 2011 . Retrieved 5 April 2008. In the 1860s, a group of critical realists ( Peredvizhniki), led by Ivan Kramskoy, Ilya Repin and Vasiliy Perov broke with the academy, and portrayed the many-sided aspects of social life in paintings. [544] The turn of the 20th century saw the rise of symbolism; represented by Mikhail Vrubel and Nicholas Roerich. [545] [546] The Russian avant-garde flourished from approximately 1890 to 1930; and globally influential artists from this era were El Lissitzky, [547] Kazimir Malevich, Natalia Goncharova, Wassily Kandinsky, and Marc Chagall. [548] This Russian Keyboard enables you to easily type Russian online without installing Russian keyboard. You can use your computer keyboard or mouse to type Russian letters with this online keyboard. The federal subjects [i] have equal representation—two delegates each—in the Federation Council, the upper house of the Federal Assembly. [262] They do, however, differ in the degree of autonomy they enjoy. [263] The federal districts of Russia were established by Putin in 2000 to facilitate central government control of the federal subjects. [264] Originally seven, currently there are eight federal districts, each headed by an envoy appointed by the president. [265] Federal subjects

Igor V. Ovchinnikov; Anders Götherström; Galina P. Romanova; Vitaliy M. Kharitonov; Kerstin Lidén; William Goodwin (30 March 2000). "Molecular analysis of Neanderthal DNA from the northern Caucasus". Nature. 404 (6777): 490–493. Bibcode: 2000Natur.404..490O. doi: 10.1038/35006625. PMID 10761915. S2CID 3101375.

Book a ticket from Washington Dulles to Russia with extra peace of mind

Historical characters encountered through the narrative include Genghis Khan, Ivan the Terrible and his secret police, the westernizing Peter the Great, Catherine the Great, and the Bolsheviks of the twentieth century. It is a series of ingeniously linked short novels, with a great deal of history painlessly delivered... a very good read indeed.'

Fu Q, Li H, Moorjani P, Jay F, Slepchenko SM, Bondarev AA, Johnson PL, Aximu-Petri A, Prüfer K, de Filippo C, Meyer M, Zwyns N, Salazar-García DC, Kuzmin YV, Keates SG, Kosintsev PA, Razhev DI, Richards MP, Peristov NV, Lachmann M, Douka K, Higham TF, Slatkin M, Hublin JJ, Reich D, Kelso J, Viola TB, Pääbo S (23 October 2014). "Genome sequence of a 45,000-year-old modern human from western Siberia". Nature. 514 (7523): 445–449. Bibcode: 2014Natur.514..445F. doi: 10.1038/nature13810. hdl: 10550/42071. PMC 4753769. PMID 25341783.Putin won a second presidential term in 2004. [192] High oil prices and a rise in foreign investment saw the Russian economy and living standards improve significantly. [193] Putin's rule increased stability, while transforming Russia into an authoritarian state. [194] In 2008, Putin took the post of prime minister, while Dmitry Medvedev was elected president for one term, to hold onto power despite legal term limits; [195] this period has been described as a " tandemocracy". [196] Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine as of 30 September 2022 at the time their annexation was declared An example of how a skillful historical novelist can illuminate the present by dramatically re-cretating the past.' RUSSKA ...is rewarding reading. Besides telling an engrossing story...it is a thoughtful attempt to explain the Russian character with all its apparent contradictions. The novel manages - commendably - to capture and convey the vastness of Mother Russia, her history and her potential.'

In 1957, Laika, a Soviet space dog, became the first animal to orbit the Earth, aboard Sputnik 2. [430] In 1966, Luna9 became the first spacecraft to achieve a survivable landing on a celestial body, the Moon. [431] In 1968, Zond 5 brought the first Earthlings (two tortoises and other life forms) to circumnavigate the Moon. [432] In 1970, Venera7 became the first spacecraft to land on another planet, Venus. [433] In 1971, Mars3 became the first spacecraft to land on Mars. [434] :34–60 During the same period, Lunokhod 1 became the first space exploration rover, [435] while Salyut1 became the world's first space station. [436] According to the Primary Chronicle, the word Rus' is derived from the Rus' people, who were a Swedish tribe, and where the three original members of the Rurikid dynastry came from. [20] The Finnish word for Swedes, ruotsi, has the same origin. [21] On 31 December 1999, president Yeltsin unexpectedly resigned, [188] handing the post to the recently appointed prime minister and his chosen successor, Vladimir Putin. [189] Putin then won the 2000 presidential election, [190] and defeated the Chechen insurgency in the Second Chechen War. [191] Die Firma Russka stellt medizinische Hilfsmittel für die häusliche Pflege, physische Rehabilitation und den Alltag her. Selbstbestimmt und mobil den Tag gestalten, auch für Menschen mit körperlicher Einschränkung: Das ist das Ziel. Dafür bietet das Unternehmen eine Vielzahl an Produkten an, die die Gesundheit fördern, die Heilung unterstützen und spezielle Situationen im Alltag erleichtern. Dazu zählen Rollatoren, Badewannenlifter, Mobilitätstrainer und aufblasbare Haarwaschwannen. Russka verbessert Ihre Lebensqualität! Das zeichnet die Mobilitätshilfsmittel von Russka ausPress Shift for additional Russian letters that are not visible on the keyboard. Instructions for using Transliteration Die Rollatoren von Russka bestehen wahlweise aus Carbon oder Aluminium. Beide Werkstoffe zeichnen sich durch ihr geringes Gewicht und eine hohe Belastbarkeit aus. Sie erhalten also in jedem Fall mit Russka einen Leichtgewichtrollator. Russia has nine major mountain ranges, and they are found along the southernmost regions, which share a significant portion of the Caucasus Mountains (containing Mount Elbrus, which at 5,642m (18,510ft) is the highest peak in Russia and Europe); [10] the Altai and Sayan Mountains in Siberia; and in the East Siberian Mountains and the Kamchatka Peninsula in the Russian Far East (containing Klyuchevskaya Sopka, which at 4,750m (15,584ft) is the highest active volcano in Eurasia). [223] [224] The Ural Mountains, running north to south through the country's west, are rich in mineral resources, and form the traditional boundary between Europe and Asia. [225] The lowest point in Russia and Europe, is situated at the head of the Caspian Sea, where the Caspian Depression reaches some 29 metres (95.1ft) below sea level. [226]