That being said, this is a very informative book about the past, present and future of cryptography. Singh takes us on a journey from ancient times where simple communications and hence simple codes sufficed, through a series of unfortunate events that resulted in the execution of Mary, Queen of Scots,to a time in the future when quantum cryptography might prevail. My favorite part is when he talks about the decipherment of Linear B (which led me to another amazing book of the same name), an ancient language discovered in the remains of a palace in Crete. Oh, and he also makes the Second World War seem interesting in an entirely differently way. Along these lines, the association among cryptography and semantics is undeniable, however, the previous’ effect on world occasions can’t be downplayed. With the episode of World War II, cryptography would by and by decide the course of history.

Cryptography-র আশ্রয় নিতেন।শুরুতে চর্চাটা ছিলো শুধু লুকানোতে, অর্থাৎ Steganography. স্পাই-এর মাথা কামিয়ে সেখানে মেসেজ লিখে চুল গজানোর পর পাঠানো হত, শত্রুর হাত থেকে তথ্য বাঁচাতে।খোলস অবিকৃত রেখে সেদ্ধ ডিমের সাদা অংশে লেখার পদ্ধতিও আবিষ্কার তখনি!পুরো বই জুড়েই 'কথা-লুকানো' বিদ্যার দুর্দান্ত সব কাহিনি, The progress of the Cipher Challenge is charted on the leaderboardand is briefly documented in the updates there, so I will not go through this again. However, I will say that I was initially worried that I had made the competition too easy, because the first four stages fell so rapidly. I was relieved to see that stage 5 stopped the rush for a while, but I was worried once again when Andrew Plater rattled his way through to stage 8. Amazingly, Singh has the ability to make this rather complex topic understandable as well as entertaining. I am by no means mathematically inclined, but Singh explains the processes involved in each cipher he describes through baby steps and multiple analogies. If one doesn't work for you then the next will until you get it. This book actually makes you feel like you're learning something. However, a superior technique for conveying keys was all the while missing. To this end, three cryptographers, Whitfield Diffie, Martin Hellman, and Ralph Merkle, united to discover a route for individuals to safely trade encoded messages over enormous separations. The development of the telegraph, which had driven a commercial interest in cryptography, was also responsible for generating public interest in cryptography. The public became aware of the need to protect personal messages of a highly sensitive nature, and if necessary they would use encryption, even though this took more time to send, thus adding to the cost of the telegram.

How We Cracked the Code Book Ciphers

In the sixteenth century, another cipher rose, one that was inaccurately accepted to be unbreakable. Uncovered in 1798, the Rosetta Stone bore a similar message in three unique dialects: Greek, Demotic and in hieroglyphics that had never been seen. The English semantic wonder Thomas Young seized the chance to translate the pictographs. Various ciphers and their detailed techniques - Monoalphabetic, Caesar shift, Vigenere, Pigpen, Playfair, EDLSs, Morse Code, Beale Cipher…

Enigma" নিয়ে। সে সময়কার রোমহর্ষক ইতিহাসের শ্বাসসরুদ্ধকর বর্ণনা আছে বইটিতে।সে ইতিহাস শীতল স্নায়ুযুদ্ধের,মর্মান্তিক ও একই সাথে চূড়ান্ত উত্তেজনাকর।ঐ সময়টাতেই Cryptography-র বিকাশটা হয় সবচে' বেশি। ততদিনে Cryptography-টা আর ভাষাবিদদের মধ্যে সীমাবদ্ধ নয়,বরং গণিতবিদ,দাবাড়ু,বিজ্ঞানীদের প্রাধান্যে এগিয়ে চলছে দ্রুতগতিতে।অপ্রতিরোধ্য "Enigma"কেও হার মানান Bletchley ParkBe that as it may, if not for Alan Turing and the cryptanalysis group at Bletchley Park, the war may, in any case, have delayed. The Allies realized the Germans may perceive their habit of rehashing a message key and Alan Turing was doled out to discover another approach to break the Enigma cipher.