The curious Peruvian tradition of drinking hot chocolate and paneton in summer". Rischmoller Real Estate. November 30, 2012 . Retrieved July 9, 2017. The Fairtrade Foundation is one organisation working to improve the livelihoods of cocoa farmers. See the box to understand exactly how they’re doing it.

Kperogi, Farooq (January 26, 2014). "Q and A on the grammar of food, usage and Nigerian English". Daily Trust. Archived from the original on February 23, 2017 . Retrieved February 23, 2017. We call everything we drink in the morning "tea" even if it's not.[...]"Daddy, why do Nigerians call hot cocoa 'tea'?" she asked me. Like many other commodities, the cocoa industry has its roots in colonialisation and exploitation. As Michael Gidney, CEO of the Fairtrade Foundation puts it: “The commodity trade is a hangover from the days of slavery and colonialism. We’re going to have to decolonise trade if we want to make it fair.” And even beyond the economic issues, for these communities cocoa has gone from being a sacred crop to being mass-produced.This brand burst onto the UK scene to huge fanfare because the ethos behind the Dutch company is to fully eradicate child slavery in chocolate production. It sees itself as an “impact” company that makes chocolate, rather than just simply a chocolate producer. It openly shares the details of its supply chain and follows these five main principles: being able to trace where all its ingredients come from, paying higher prices to farmers, improving farmers’ productivity and encouraging them to adopt modern practices and diversify their crops, and investing in long-term commitment and farm cooperatives to empower farmers to work together. a b Morton, Marcia; Frederic Morton (1986). Chocolate, an Illustrated History. New York: Crown Publishers. Exclusive Brand Torino. "THE HISTORY OF CHOCOLATE IN TURIN". Exclusive Brand Torino . Retrieved January 20, 2022. Single Estate/ Single Origin: Single origin means the cocoa comes from one type of chocolate grown in one region. Single estate means the cocoa was also grown on one specific farm in one region. The Fairtrade Foundation assures farmers of a guaranteed minimum price for their cocoa beans, to ensure all costs of production are covered.

Until very recently, in money terms, male cocoa farmers earned around 75p a day on average, less than the extreme poverty line. Female farmers earned around 23p per day. That’s a hell of a lot less than that bar of chocolate you’ve got hidden in your cupboard. Billet, Felisa (October 23, 2009). "Warming up to real hot chocolate". USA TODAY . Retrieved December 20, 2009. This means that farmers are not benefiting from the price of the entire product, as consumers would think they are. a b c d McGavin, Jennifer (April 4, 2017). "Kakao oder Heisse Schokolade". the spruce . Retrieved July 9, 2017.Because sugar was yet to come to the Americas, [4] xocōlātl was said to be an acquired taste. What the Spaniards then called xocōlātl was said to be a drink consisting of a chocolate base flavored with vanilla and other spices that was served cold. [6] [7] The drink tasted spicy and bitter as opposed to sweetened modern hot chocolate. [4] As to when xocōlātl was first served hot, sources conflict on when and by whom. [4] [7] However, José de Acosta, a Spanish Jesuit missionary who lived in Peru and then Mexico in the later 16th century, described xocōlātl as: Grivetti, Louis E.; Shapiro, Howard-Yana (2009). Chocolate: history, culture, and heritage. John Wiley and Sons. p.345. ISBN 978-0-470-12165-8. Added sugars and chemicals can be a sign of a less-than-stellar product, so we suggest looking at the ingredients in addition to certifications. Since fair trade certifications don't guarantee the use of organic practices, look for products that are non-GMO, vegan, or organic certified. Several negative effects can be attributed to drinking hot chocolate, as some hot chocolate recipes contain high amounts of sugar, [42] hydrogenated oils, or fats. [ citation needed] The flavonoids found in the cocoa that makes up hot chocolate also have a positive effect on arterial health. A particular study performed by the National Institutes of Health partially supported by Mars Chocolate company showed high amounts of improvement in blood flow after drinking a flavanol-rich cocoa drink. [45] In the study, the subjects (27 people ages 18 to 72) drank a cocoa drink containing 900 milligrams of flavonols every day, which resulted in an improvement in blood flow and the function of endothelial cells that line blood vessels. [45]