Prayer for a Muslim involves uniting mind, soul, and body in worship; so a Muslim carrying out these prayers will perform a whole series of set movements that go with the words of the prayer. Praying together in a congregation helps Muslims to realise that all humanity is one, and all are equal in the sight of Allah. Ritual washing Shia differs regarding the end of zuhr time. Per all major Jafari jurists, the end of dhuhr time is about 10 minutes before sunset, the time that belongs exclusively to asr prayer. Dhuhr and asr time overlap, apart from the first 5 minutes of dhuhr, which is exclusively delegated for it. Asr prayer cannot be offered before zuhr in the zuhr time. Fajr begins at subh saadiq—true dawn or the beginning of twilight, when the morning light appears across the full width of the sky—and ends at sunrise.

From when the shadow cast by an object is once or twice its length, may be performed up to the time of Maghrib. [a] [b] displaystyle \lambda } and ϕ {\displaystyle \phi } are the longitude and the latitude of the considered point, respectively.Sunrise (Shuruq) time and Sunset (Maghrib) times are given by T ( − 0.833 ∘ ) {\displaystyle T(-0.833 Salat is the obligatory Muslim prayers, performed five times each day by Muslims. It is the second Pillar of Islam. All Muslims try to do this. Muslim children as young as seven are encouraged to pray. Prayer sets the rhythm of the day

Muslims make sure that they are in the right frame of mind before they pray; they put aside all everyday cares and thoughts so that they can concentrate exclusively on God. Some Muslims pray three times a day. [9] [3] Overview of prayer times considered obligatory by most [10] Compulsory (fard) prayerThis gives, in hours, the difference between Dhuhr time and when the sun is at altitude α {\displaystyle \alpha } . Now we calculate three of the other prayer times: In Islamic countries, the public call to prayer from the mosques sets the rhythm of the day for the entire population, including non-Muslims. A universal Muslim ritual The Maghrib prayer begins when the sun sets, and lasts until the red light has left the sky in the west. Sundial indicating prayer times, situated in the courtyard of the Great Mosque of Kairouan, Tunisia. Author: Keith Roper

According to Imam Abu Hanifa, "Asr starts when the shadow of an object becomes twice its height (plus the length of its shadow at the start time of Zuhr)." For the rest of Imams, "Asr starts when the shadow of an object becomes equal to its length (plus the length of its shadow at the start time of Zuhr)." Asr ends as the sun begins to set. T D h u h r = 12 + Δ t + ( Z − λ / 15 ) {\displaystyle T_{\mathsf {Dhuhr}}=12+\Delta t+(Z-\lambda /15)}

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Muslims pray because God has told them that they are to do this, and because they believe that they obtain great benefit in doing so. Muslims pray direct to God The prayer ritual, which is over 1400 years old, is repeated five times a day by hundreds of millions of people all round the world.