Mint tea may be an important source of macro and micrometallic elements, which are essential for human health. However, literature reflects enormous variability in determined concentrations. Indeed, Subramanian et al. [ 59] revealed that total metal concentrations of Fe, Na, Mg, Mn, Pb, Cd, Cu, and Zn in Mentha spicata were 395.74 ± 4.09 mg/kg, 808.09 ± 1.64 mg/kg, 532.72 ± 0.93 mg/kg, 85.72 ± 1.13 mg/kg, 9.89 ± 0.36 mg/kg, 0.74 ± 0.07 mg/kg, 29.83 ± 3.16 mg/kg, and 49.76 ± 4.12 mg/kg, respectively. In another study, Choudhury et al. [ 60] analyzed ten Mentha spicata leaves samples collected from four different locations in Northwest India for minor and trace elements including heavy toxic metals using thermal neutron activation analysis (TNAA) and atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). The authors revealed that the most elements were found in widely varying amounts depending on the location: Na (0.21–0.86 mg/g), K(12.4–53.3 mg/g), and Ca (5.82–16.8 mg/g); whereas, mean contents of other nutrient elements in mint were as follows: Fe (108 ± 22 μg/g), Mg (4.83 ± 0.92 mg/g), Mn (53.5 ± 9.6 μg/g), P (3.88 ± 0.94 mg/g), Cu (16.9 ± 1.8 μg/g), Zn (21.0 ± 4.7 μg/g), and Se (0.18 ± 0.03 μg/g). The toxic heavy metals such as Hg (97–983 ng/g), Sb (1.8–315 ng/g), Ni (0.37–3.22 ng/g), Cd (15–772 ng/g), and As (98–320 ng/g) are all found at ng/g level only but vary in a wide range. Moreover, aerial parts M. spicata from Iran contains 129.76 μg/g of Fe, 8.52 μg/g of Zn, and 6.8 μg/g of Mn [ 61]. 3.5. Pharmacological Properties of M. spicata Akdogan M, Ozguner M, Aydin G, Gokalp O. Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of Mentha piperita Labiatae and Mentha spicata Labiatae on liver tissue in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2004;23:21-8. View abstract. This property of essential oil of spearmint comes from its menthol content, which has a relaxing and cooling effect on the nerves and muscles and helps to relax contractions in the case of spasms. Therefore, it is frequently prescribed to provide effective relief from spasmodic coughs, aches, pulling sensations and aches in the abdominal region and intestines. This includes its ability to soothe muscle strains or cramps, nervous convulsions, and even spasmodic cholera. Disinfectant Carvone is available inexpensively in both enantiomerically pure forms, making it an attractive starting material for the asymmetric total synthesis of natural products. For example, ( S)-(+)-carvone was used to begin a 1998 synthesis of the terpenoid quassin: [6] Asymmetric total synthesis of quassin from carvone Stereoisomerism and odor [ edit ] Yu, T. W., Xu, M., and Dashwood, R. H. Antimutagenic activity of spearmint. Environ Mol.Mutagen. 2004;44(5):387-393. View abstract.

spicata Essential Oil: Chemical Composition Mentha spicata Essential Oil: Chemical Composition

Grant P. Spearmint herbal tea has significant anti-androgen effects in polycystic ovarian syndrome. a randomized controlled trial. Phytother Res. 2010 Feb;24(2):186-188. doi:10.1002/ptr.2900 a b " Mentha spicata subsp. condensata (Briq.) Greuter & Burdet". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Archived from the original on 2019-07-08 . Retrieved 2019-07-14. Word of Caution:There are no reported dangers of using this essential oil, but as an emmenagogue, it should not be taken by pregnant women. a) Shing, T. K. M.; Jiang, Q; Mak, T. C. W. J. Org. Chem. 1998, 63, 2056-2057. (b) Shing, T. K. M.; Tang, Y. J. Chem. Soc. Perkin Trans. 1 1994, 1625.Ginger: Ginger has been used for centuries as a natural remedy for nausea, a common side effect of pregnancy and chemotherapy.

ALL ABOUT SPEARMINT OIL - New Directions Aromatics ALL ABOUT SPEARMINT OIL - New Directions Aromatics

People use spearmint for memory, digestion, osteoarthritis, nausea and vomiting after surgery, and many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these uses. In vitro and in vivo experimental explorations showed that M. spicata extracts and essential oils exhibit remarkable biological activities, including antimicrobial, antiparasitic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. Indeed, different organic extracts (rich in bioactive compounds) revealed important antifungal activity by their potency to inhibit the growth of some strains involved in human infections such as Aspergillus niger, Candida albicans, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Microsporum audouinii [ 5]. Moreover, M. spicata showed antibacterial properties against various bacterial strains, either clinical or reference [ 6, 7]. It was also revealed that M. spicata extracts target some human complex diseases, including chronic inflammatory diseases, diabetes, and cancers. Plant extracts inhibit or activate targets and/or pathways involved in these pathologies, including membrane receptors, signaling pathways, and molecular targets [ 8, 9]. Herrlinger KA, Nieman KM, Sanoshy KD, et al. Spearmint extract improves working memory in men and women with age-associated memory impairment. J Altern Complement Med. 2018;24(1):37-47. doi:10.1089/acm.2016.0379Spearmint leaves can be used fresh, dried, or frozen. [31] The leaves lose their aromatic appeal after the plant flowers. It can be dried by cutting just before, or right (at peak) as the flowers open, about one-half to three-quarters the way down the stalk (leaving smaller shoots room to grow). [32] Some dispute exists as to what drying method works best; some prefer different materials (such as plastic or cloth) and different lighting conditions (such as darkness or sunlight). The leaves can also be preserved in salt, sugar, sugar syrup, alcohol, or oil. Be cautious with this combination• Medications that can harm the liver (Hepatotoxic drugs) interacts with SPEARMINT Sivropoulou, Afroditi; Kokkini, Stella; Lanaras, Thomas; Arsenakis, Minas (1995-09-01). "Antimicrobial activity of mint essential oils". Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry. 43 (9): 2384–2388. doi: 10.1021/jf00057a013. ISSN 0021-8561.

Spearmint and Peppermint? Which One The 4 Differences Between Spearmint and Peppermint? Which One

The antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral properties of essential oil of spearmint make it a disinfectant. It can help get rid of both internal and external infections. It is particularly effective in protecting internal wounds and ulcers, like those in the stomach, food pipe, and intestines. In ancient Greece, it was used to treat infectious diseases like scabies, dermatitis, athlete’s foot, syphilis, gonorrhea, and other infectious or transmittable diseases. Carminative Lansdown, R.V. (2014). " Mentha spicata". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T164464A42395980 . Retrieved 21 May 2022. Hornok, L. Cultivation and Processing of Medicinal Plants, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, UK, 1992.

Guney, M., Oral, B., Karahanli, N., Mungan, T., and Akdogan, M. The effect of Mentha spicata Labiatae on uterine tissue in rats. Toxicol.Ind.Health 2006;22(8):343-348. View abstract. Imai, H., Osawa, K., Yasuda, H., Hamashima, H., Arai, T., and Sasatsu, M. Inhibition by the essential oils of peppermint and spearmint of the growth of pathogenic bacteria. Microbios 2001;106 Suppl 1:31-39. View abstract. Inositol: A substance naturally made by the body and found in some foods, inositol has been researched as a potential treatment option for infertility in people with PCOS. Studies have also shown that using inositol may increase the chances of a healthy pregnancy in people with PCOS. CONDITIONS OF USE AND IMPORTANT INFORMATION: This information is meant to supplement, not replace advice from your doctor or healthcare provider and is not meant to cover all possible uses, precautions, interactions or adverse effects. This information may not fit your specific health circumstances. Never delay or disregard seeking professional medical advice from your doctor or other qualified health care provider because of something you have read on WebMD. You should always speak with your doctor or health care professional before you start, stop, or change any prescribed part of your health care plan or treatment and to determine what course of therapy is right for you. Carvone forms two mirror image forms or enantiomers: R-(−)-carvone, has a sweetish minty smell, like spearmint leaves. Its mirror image, S-(+)-carvone, has a spicy aroma with notes of rye, like caraway seeds. [7] [8] The fact that the two enantiomers are perceived as smelling different is evidence that olfactory receptors must respond more strongly to one enantiomer than to the other. Not all enantiomers have distinguishable odors. Squirrel monkeys have also been found to be able to discriminate between carvone enantiomers. [9]

Spearmint Oil Uses and Benefits | dōTERRA Essential Oils

Theodore J. Leitereg; Dante G. Guadagni; Jean Harris; Thomas R. Mon; Roy Teranishi (1971). "Chemical and sensory data supporting the difference between the odors of the enantiomeric carvones". J. Agric. Food Chem. 19 (4): 785–787. doi: 10.1021/jf60176a035. Kumar, V., Kural, M. R., Pereira, B. M., and Roy, P. Spearmint induced hypothalamic oxidative stress and testicular anti-androgenicity in male rats - altered levels of gene expression, enzymes and hormones. Food Chem Toxicol. 2008;46(12):3563-3570. View abstract. a b c Vokou, D.; Kokkini, S. (1989-04-01). " Mentha spicata (Lamiaceae) chemotypes growing wild in Greece". Economic Botany. 43 (2): 192–202. doi: 10.1007/BF02859860. ISSN 1874-9364. S2CID 32109061.Maybe. Spearmint is considered safe for pregnant people when consumed in amounts commonly found in foods or used as aromatherapy. However, it's unknown whether spearmint supplements are safe during pregnancy, especially in large amounts. There is some concern that large doses of spearmint may damage the uterus. Grieve, Maud (1971). A Modern Herbal: The Medicinal, Culinary, Cosmetic and Economic Properties, Cultivation and Folk-lore of Herbs, Grasses, Fungi, Shrubs, & Trees with All Their Modern Scientific Uses, Volume 2. Akdogan, M., Kilinc, I., Oncu, M., Karaoz, E., and Delibas, N. Investigation of biochemical and histopathological effects of Mentha piperita L. and Mentha spicata L. on kidney tissue in rats. Hum.Exp Toxicol. 2003;22(4):213-219. View abstract. The two forms are also referred to, in older texts, by their optical rotations of laevo ( l) referring to R-(−)-carvone, and dextro ( d) referring to S-(+)-carvone. Modern naming refers to levorotatory isomers with the sign (-) and dextrorotatory isomers with the sign (+) in the systematic name.