Vikings most commonly carried sturdy axes that could be thrown or swung with head-splitting force. [20] The Mammen Axe is a famous example of such battle-axes, ideally suited for throwing and melee combat. [21] Partial plate armour in the form of a cuirass sewn together with fabric is mentioned in the Wubei Yaolue, 1638. Called quantiejia (complete metal armour), the text describes the usage of 100 catties of Fujian iron, 4–5 piculs of northern coal, and over 10 piculs of southern coal in the creation process of the plates. After finishing the plates, they were lacquered and linked together using cotton and woolen ropes. A full set of quantiejia weighed around 34.4 catties. One Ming catty was around 590 grams, making a full set of quantiejia around 20kg in weight. It's not known how common plate armour was during the Ming dynasty, and no other source mentions it. There are no records of mail and plate used together from Chinese records but the Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty does mention the dismissal of an official for failing to supervise the production of "Chinese mail-and-plate armour" in the 15th century.

The Chinese Empire and other Central Asian and Middle Eastern nations the Mongols faced served as inspiration for this hybrid armor that Mongol Empire warriors wore over the course of centuries. Scale and lamellar armor were the most common types of Mongolian armor. Hardened Leather Of the four helmet fragments found in Scandinavia, only the remains from Gjermundbu were of use in significant reconstruction. [35]

Lamellar Armor in Eastern Europe

Leonid Bobrov "Panoply of a Late Medieval Central Asian Warrior") illustrations: [1] + [2] diagramms Later at the beginning of the 15th century construction of laminar armour had significantly changed; instead of lacing being used, strips of new laminar armour were riveted to broad straps (like in lorica segmentata). As a result, laminar armour became more reliable than lamellar armour: hidden straps couldn't be cut without the armour being penetrated, the broad straps did not require continuous mending, and the straps were stiffer and more durable than the thinner lacing that was used previously. Laminar armour eventually became more popular than lamellar armour, and almost fully replaced lamellar armour by the end of 15th century.

Sassanian Elite Cavalry Ad 224-642, Author Kaveh Farrokh, Publisher Osprey Publishing, 2005, ISBN 9781841767130 P.16 Chain mail’s high price, cumbersome size, and challenging maintenance history made it a well-known but uncommon kind of armor for the Mongols. The elite of the Mongol army were mounted archers who needed armor that would not restrict their movement while riding. Armour made up of leather, horn or metal segments forming a protective layer was relatively common in the East, especially among the tribes of the steppe. Metal lames were frequently used in the Roman East as they offered the best quality protection, although leather could be hardened by boiling or waxing to provide considerable protection without adding much weight. References to "great shields" occur in their usage on the front line to protect spearmen and crossbowmen. Shields were also commonly paired with the single edged dao and used among cavalrymen. [30] Descriptions of the Battle of Guandu mention that Cao Cao's soldiers employed shield cover above their heads each time they moved out into the open due to oppressive arrow fire from Yuan Shao's wooden towers. [31] Dark armour [ edit ]

In the later medieval period (13th-14th centuries), scale armour was widely used among the Rus. Lamellar appears to have been much less common. Lamellar armour was often worn as augmentation to existing armour, such as over a mail hauberk. The lamellar cuirass was especially popular with the Rus, as well as Mongols, Turks, Avars, and other steppe peoples, as it was simple to create and maintain. [ citation needed] Hudesutu quyaq – lamellar or laminar armor. The classification varies. Often depicted in Persian, Chinese, and Japanese miniatures. The extent to which either type was used is a debated topic. The earliest definite instance of true lamellar was found in China. Twelve suits of lacquered lamellar dated to c. 433 BC were uncovered in a tomb at Sui-hsien, Hupei. [ citation needed] Lamellar was used by various cultures from this time up through the 16th century. Lamellar armour is generally associated with the armour worn by the samurai class of feudal Japan, although it came to Japan from Korea. [3]Lamellar armour is also associated with Mongolia, Eastern Russia disambiguation needed, the tribes of Siberia and the Sarmatians, evidence of lamellar armour has also been found in various European countries. [3] Japanese lamellar armour [ ]