Vareilles, Guillaume (2010). Les frontières de la Palestine, 1914–1947. Paris: L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2-296-13621-2. Copy of telegram from Epstein to Shertok" (PDF). Government of Israel. Archived from the original (PDF) on 13 November 2013 . Retrieved 3 May 2013. One of the objectives of British administration was to give effect to the Balfour Declaration, which was also set out in the preamble of the mandate, as follows: First Arab Congress 1919 Paris Resolution (in Arabic)" (PDF). ecf.org.il. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 September 2017.

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Northey, Ruth (project ed.) (2013). Whitaker's Britain. Bloomsbury Publishing. p.127. ISBN 978-1-4729-0305-1. Louis, Wm. Roger (1969). "The United Kingdom and the Beginning of the Mandates System, 1919–1922". International Organization. 23 (1): 73–96. doi: 10.1017/s0020818300025534. S2CID 154745632. In 1939, as a consequence of the White Paper of 1939, the British reduced the number of immigrants allowed into Palestine. The Second World War and the Holocaust started shortly thereafter and once the 15,000 annual quota was exceeded, Jews fleeing Nazi persecution were interned in detention camps or deported to places such as Mauritius. [60] Firestone, Reuven (2012). Holy War in Judaism: The Fall and Rise of a Controversial Idea. Oxford University Press. p.192. ISBN 978-0-19-986030-2. Lenk, RS (1994). The Mauritius Affair, The Boat People of 1940–41. London: R Lenk. ISBN 978-0-9518805-2-4.Roosevelt, Kermit (1948). "The Partition of Palestine: A lesson in pressure politics". Middle East Journal. 2 (1): 1–16. JSTOR 4321940.

Timeline: The Arab Israeli conflict - Financial Times

Under the British Mandate, the office of "Mufti of Jerusalem", traditionally limited in authority and geographical scope, was refashioned into that of "Grand Mufti of Palestine". Furthermore, a Supreme Muslim Council (SMC) was established and given various duties, such as the administration of religious endowments and the appointment of religious judges and local muftis. In Ottoman times, these duties had been fulfilled by the Imperial bureaucracy in Constantinople ( İstanbul). [120] In dealings with the Palestinian Arabs, the British negotiated with the elite rather than the middle or lower classes. [121] They chose Hajj Amin al-Husseini to become Grand Mufti, although he was young and had received the fewest votes from Jerusalem's Islamic leaders. [122] One of the mufti's rivals, Raghib Bey al-Nashashibi, had already been appointed Mayor of Jerusalem in 1920, replacing Musa Kazim, whom the British removed after the Nabi Musa riots of 1920, [123] during which he exhorted the crowd to give their blood for Palestine. [124] During the entire Mandate period, but especially during the latter half, the rivalry between the mufti and al-Nashashibi dominated Palestinian politics. Khalidi ascribes the failure of the Palestinian leaders to enroll mass support to the fact that they had been part of the ruling elite and accustomed to their commands being obeyed; thus, the idea of mobilising the masses was unknown to them. [125] After World War II, in 1947, the United Nations (UN) adopted a Partition Plan for Mandatory Palestine, which recommended the creation of independent Arab and Jewish states and an internationalized Jerusalem. [27] This Partition Plan was accepted by the Jews but rejected by the Arabs. Immediately after the United Nations General Assembly adopted the plan as Resolution 181, a civil war broke out in Palestine, [28] and the plan was not implemented. [29] The day after the establishment of the State of Israel on 14 May 1948, [30] [31] [32] neighboring Arab countries invaded the former British Mandate and engaged Israeli forces in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. [33] [34] Later, the All-Palestine Government was established by the Arab League on 22 September 1948 to govern the All-Palestine Protectorate in the Egyptian-occupied Gaza Strip. It was soon recognized by all Arab League members except Transjordan, which had occupied and later annexed the West Bank, including East Jerusalem. Palestine is currently recognized by 138 of the 193 United Nations (UN) member states. Though jurisdiction of the All-Palestine Government was declared to cover the whole of the former Mandatory Palestine, its effective jurisdiction was limited to the Gaza Strip. [35] During the Six-Day War in June 1967, Israel captured the Gaza Strip and the Sinai Peninsula from Egypt, the West Bank and East Jerusalem from Jordan, and the Golan Heights from Syria. On 15 November 1988 in Algiers, Yasser Arafat, as Chairman of the PLO, issued the Palestinian Declaration of Independence, which established the State of Palestine. A year after the signing of the Oslo Accords in 1993, the Palestinian National Authority (PNA) was formed to govern (in varying degrees) areas A and B in the West Bank, comprising 165 enclaves, and the Gaza Strip. After Hamas became the PNA parliament's leading party in the most recent elections (2006), a conflict broke out between it and the Fatah party, leading to the Gaza Strip being taken over by Hamas in 2007 (two years after the Israeli disengagement). In 1920, the majority of the approximately 750,000 people in this multi-ethnic region were Arabic-speaking Muslims, including a Bedouin population (estimated at 103,331 at the time of the 1922 census [162] and concentrated in the Beersheba area and the region south and east of it), as well as Jews (who accounted for some 11% of the total) and smaller groups of Druze, Syrians, Sudanese, Somalis, Circassians, Egyptians, Copts, Greeks, and Hejazi Arabs.The United Nations Special Committee on Palestine said the Jewish National Home, which derived from the formulation of Zionist aspirations in the 1897 Basle program has provoked many discussions concerning its meaning, scope and legal character, especially since it had no known legal connotation and there are no precedents in international law for its interpretation. It was used in the Balfour Declaration and in the Mandate, both of which promised the establishment of a "Jewish National Home" without, however, defining its meaning. A statement on "British Policy in Palestine", issued on 3 June 1922 by the Colonial Office, placed a restrictive construction upon the Balfour Declaration. The statement included "the disappearance or subordination of the Arabic population, language or customs in Palestine" or "the imposition of Jewish nationality upon the inhabitants of Palestine as a whole", and made it clear that in the eyes of the mandatory Power, the Jewish National Home was to be founded in Palestine and not that Palestine as a whole was to be converted into a Jewish National Home. The Committee noted that the construction, which restricted considerably the scope of the National Home, was made prior to the confirmation of the Mandate by the Council of the League of Nations and was formally accepted at the time by the Executive of the Zionist Organisation. [138] Following the arrival of the British, Arab inhabitants established Muslim-Christian Associations in all of the major towns. [13] In 1919 they joined to hold the first Palestine Arab Congress in Jerusalem. [14] It was aimed primarily at representative government and opposition to the Balfour Declaration. [15] Concurrently, the Zionist Commission formed in March 1918 and became active in promoting Zionist objectives in Palestine. On 19 April 1920, elections took place for the Assembly of Representatives of the Palestinian Jewish community. [16] In 1964, when the West Bank was controlled by Jordan, the Palestine Liberation Organization was established there with the goal to confront Israel. The Palestinian National Charter of the PLO defines the boundaries of Palestine as the whole remaining territory of the mandate, including Israel. Following the Six-Day War, the PLO moved to Jordan, but later relocated to Lebanon in 1971. [47] [ bettersourceneeded]

Palestinian Medjool dates from Zaytoun

Likhovski, Assaf (8 December 2006). Law and Identity in Mandate Palestine. Univ of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-7718-0.Galnoor, Itzhak. Partition of Palestine, The: Decision Crossroads in the Zionist Movement (SUNY Press, 2012). Palestine Passports Cease to Give British Protection After May Govt. Announces – Jewish Telegraphic Agency". www.jta.org. 26 March 1948.

Our Palestinian Medjoul Dates Are Back | Penny Appeal

Palestine" is shown in English, Arabic ( فلسطين) and Hebrew; the latter includes the acronym א״י for Eretz Yisrael (Land of Israel). Historian Nur Masalha describes the "British preoccupation with Palestine" and the large increase in European books, articles, travelogues and geographical publications during the 18th and 19th centuries. [9] Khalaf, Issa (1991). Politics in Palestine: Arab Factionalism and Social Disintegration, 1939–1948. State University of New York Press. ISBN 978-0-7914-0708-0 . Retrieved 6 May 2009.Sir Harry Trusted [168] (1936–1941; knighted in 1938) (afterwards Chief Justice of the Federated Malay States, 1941)