a b "Office of National Drug Control Policy (ONDCP): Heroin Facts & Figures". Whitehousedrugpolicy.gov. Archived from the original on 6 August 2011 . Retrieved 20 July 2012. Agar M. "Dope Double Agent: The Naked Emperor on Drugs". Archived from the original on 17 November 2009 . Retrieved 22 October 2009. What a great New York drug heroin was, I thought. As any city, but more than most, New York is an information overload, a constant perceptual tornado that surrounds you most places you walk on the streets. Heroin is the audio-visual technology that helps manage that overload by dampening it in general and allowing a focus on some part of it that the human perceptual equipment was, in fact, designed to handle.

Li W, Li Q, Zhu J, et al. White matter impairment in chronic heroin dependence: a quantitative DTI study. Brain Res. 2013;1531:58-64. doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2013.07.036. Halbsguth U, Rentsch KM, Eich-Höchli D, Diterich I, Fattinger K (December 2008). "Oral diacetylmorphine (heroin) yields greater morphine bioavailability than oral morphine: bioavailability related to dosage and prior opioid exposure". British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 66 (6): 781–91. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2125.2008.03286.x. PMC 2675771. PMID 18945270. Normally, GABA, which is released from inhibitory neurones, inhibits the release of dopamine. Opiates, like heroin and morphine, decrease the inhibitory activity of such neurones. This causes increased release of dopamine in the brain which is the reason for euphoric and rewarding effects of heroin. [80] Strang J, Griffiths P, Gossop M (June 1997). "Heroin smoking by 'chasing the dragon': origins and history". Addiction. 92 (6): 673–83, discussion 685–95. doi: 10.1046/j.1360-0443.1997.9266734.x. PMID 9246796.Danmark redo för skattebetalt heroin"[Denmark ready for tax-paid heroin] (in Swedish). November 2008. Archived from the original on 3 December 2008 . Retrieved 30 November 2008. Severe withdrawal symptoms peak between 24 to 48 hours after the last dose of heroin. They subside after about a week. Heroin and harmful effects Research suggests that misuse of prescription opioid pain medicine is a risk factor for starting heroin use. Cicero TJ, Ellis MS, Kasper ZA. Increased use of heroin as an initiating opioid of abuse. Addict Behav. 2017 Nov;74:63-66. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2017.05.030. Epub 2017 May 23. PubMed PMID: 28582659. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28582659

Many people smoke or snort heroin. Most users inject it into their veins. That’s the most dangerous way to take it, because it’s easier to overdose and you can catch a disease from a dirty needle. Ayendi 720microgram/actuation Nasal Spray – Summary of Product Characteristics (SmPC) – (emc)". www.medicines.org.uk. Archived from the original on 29 December 2019 . Retrieved 29 December 2019.

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a b Martin WR, Fraser HF (September 1961). "A comparative study of physiological and subjective effects of heroin and morphine administered intravenously in postaddicts". The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 133: 388–99. PMID 13767429. What is the scope of heroin use in the United States?". National Institute on Drug Abuse. Archived from the original on 10 December 2018 . Retrieved 10 December 2018. Karoli R, Fatima J, Singh P, Kazmi KI (July 2012). "Acute myocardial involvement after heroin inhalation". Journal of Pharmacology & Pharmacotherapeutics. 3 (3): 282–4. doi: 10.4103/0976-500X.99448. PMC 3487283. PMID 23129970.