One of the aims of the Act is to ensure viable tenant businesses can continue to operate to facilitate a return to normal market operation. However, viable business models will differ from party to party and across sectors. For example, profit margins can vary significantly between industries and sectors. The Act requires the arbitrator to consider certain factors when assessing the viability of the tenant’s business (whether at Stage 2 or Stage 3). See paragraph 83 above.

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Sang Ly: narrator who has made her home in Stung Meanchey, the largest municipal waste dump in Cambodiaa. the party intending to make a reference (the applicant) notifies the other party (the respondent) of its intention to make a reference. Our recommendation is that this should be done via a letter of notification. We also recommend that the applicant use this as a final opportunity to settle the dispute and so the letter of notification should include an offer of settlement supported by any appropriate evidence in line with the behaviours, principles and documentation set out in the corresponding sections of this Code; My department also worked together closely with businesses leaders to publish a voluntary Code of Practice. At the core of Sang Ly’s desire to learn to read is to give her son something to look forward to and an opportunity to provide a path out of the dump and change the trajectory of NIsay’s life.

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Many landlords and tenants have already reached agreement on rental debts accrued during the pandemic and the government continues to encourage negotiation in respect of unresolved debts, as set out in the ‘Negotiation’ section of this Code. Where agreement cannot be reached the binding arbitration process provides a legal process for landlords and tenants, whose businesses are in scope (see section below entitled “Scope: how do I know if my dispute is eligible for arbitration?”), to have their case resolved by arbitration. Any award will be consistent with the principles set out in the Act, as detailed by this Code and consistent with the aims set out within the preceding sections. Further information on the process is set out below. Scope: how do I know if my dispute is eligible for arbitration? The Northern Ireland Federation of Housing Associations has prepared guidance - ‘A Guide to Rent Arrears and Recovery Procedures for Registered Housing Associations’ which is a very useful guide which should be consulted when developing procedures. Lastly, there are a few tenant remedies which may, if evoked by your tenants, prevent you from collecting rent as you normally would. i. Part One of this Code applies to all business tenancies and sets out the behaviours expected of landlords and tenants including when they are in negotiation. It is therefore designed for use by landlords and tenants within England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Any process will always be enhanced with the support of good IT Systems. Housing Associations should ensure that the IT system(s) can:This Code is therefore intended to assist landlords and tenants in resolving disputes relating to rent owed as a result of premises having been closed or having had business restricted during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Code seeks to do this by: If a debt is attributable to a protected period, is the interest chargeable in relation to it also attributable to the protected period? Yes, for example, where the underlying debt is attributable to occupation within the protected period and is a ‘protected rent debt,’ any unpaid interest which has accrued in respect of that debt is also attributable to the protected period and is also ‘protected rent debt.’ ii. Part Two of this Code provides guidance on the Commercial Rent (Coronavirus) Act 2022 (“the Act”) including any applicable legal obligations. This section is therefore designed for use by Landlords and Tenants in England and Wales (where the Act applies) only.

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The characters in the novel change their understanding of one another right along with the reader. In particular, Sopeap’s history is slowly revealed to Sang Ly. When Sopeap starts crying when she first sees the children’s book, Sang Ly comments, The Department has made a new Determination which comes into operation from 24th March 2016, to give registered HAs the flexibility and discretion to apply rent increases not exceeding annual NIHE rent increases for tenants in Controlled Tenancies only. In effect, this provides that registered HAs may continue to apply rent increases to these tenancies in line with NIHE rent increases, or they may apply a lower rate of increase.

The Non-technical arrears target relates to all income and arrears for which tenant’s rent is not received directly from a public sector organisation. The target for Non-technical arrears has been set at 5%. The Department will calculate this target as follows: Either party may submit one revised proposal accompanied by further supporting evidence. A party has 28 days to do so beginning with the day on which it gave its original formal proposal to the other party. The parties may agree an extension to that 28-day time limit, or the arbitrator can extend if that would be reasonable in all the circumstances. The approved arbitration body is required by the Act to maintain a list of arbitrators that are available and suitable by virtue of their qualifications or experience. It will appoint an arbitrator from that list to deal with the applicant’s case. A reference to arbitration may not be made where the tenant is subject to any of the following which relates to protected rent debt: