The correction factor is 0.8, this 0.8 correction factor is to allow for the rise in temperature under fault conditions.

The person introducing a modification/alteration becomes the original manufacturer with the corresponding obligations for that assembly. Max Zs is the maximum permissible values of earth fault loop impedance (Ω), some maximum Zs values are listed in BS 7671, the maximum earth loop impedance values listed in the Zs tables are used to compare against the actual measured earth loop impedance values to ensure compliance with BS 7671. WHY used square root 3 in calculation –> this is the answer,please read discussion on this forum : http://www.electrical-contractor.net/forums/ubbthreads.php/topics/129279/1_732_square_root_of_3_where_d.html

Cor 40 O C , lhe purpose of the latter value being to avoid the necessity of de-rating thermaiiy sensitive circuit- The 100% values should be recorded as the maximum permitted Zs value on the electrical test certificate and the temperature adjusted 80% values are used to compare against the actual readings obtained when testing the circuit. 60947-2 Max Zs Values Step 2 remember that for AC circuits the voltage is a constantly changing value, and when we give a single number, it is a form of average voltage, called the RMS voltage. The RMS voltage of an AC waveform corresponds to the DC voltage which would deliver the same power to a resistive load. If you take AC at 480V RMS and apply it to a 480 ohm resistor, the average power delivered to that resistor would be 480W. If you take DC at 480V and apply it to a 480 ohm resistor, the power delivered to that resistor would be 480W.

When carrying out an earth loop impedance test you are carrying out the test under normal conditions, so to take into account of the rise in cable temperature under fault conditions we need to apply the 0.8 correction factor to the maximum Zs value, therefore 1.37 * 0.8 = 1.096 (rounded to 1.1) which you then compare to your test results. is the old British standard for MCB's so BS 3871 does not tell anyone what type of MCB it is. I looked at http://www.beamainstallation.org.uk/assets/pdfs/CircuitBreaker.pdf which explains how the standards evolved. The 17th edition of the IET wiring regulations amendment 3 introduced the Cmin (0.95) factor which reduced the old maximum zs values to allow for the fluctuation of the voltage. Before delving into the detail of this change, as ever it pays to start at the beginning – namely the Fundamental Principles of Part 1.

So now consider phase A in our 277/480V wye system. We can plot the voltage relative to our earth reference as a function of time, and get a graph, ideally a nice sine curve. At time zero the voltage will be zero. At 1/240 of a second, the voltage will be +392V (277V * 1.414, the square root of 2). Then at 2/240 second the voltage will again be zero. At 3/240 of a second the voltage will be -392V, and at 4/240 second (1/60 second) the voltage will again be zero. This cycle will repeat. This is developed in Note 2 to regulation 536.4.203, which states that ‘ If an assembly deviates from its original manufacturer’s instructions, or includes components not included in the original verification, the person introducing the deviation becomes the original manufacturer with the corresponding obligations’. Protection against transient over-voltages shall be provided where the consequence caused by over-voltage: Now imagine another point in the system, also connected to phase A. If we measure the voltage at this point, we will get the exact same curve. Finally, try to measure the voltage between these two locations. If you look at each instant in time, the voltage _difference_ will be zero. The average of zero is still zero. Net result is that if you measure the voltage between two points, both phase A, you will get zero volts, as expected.