Alopecia is a well-known sign of established zinc deficiency with hair regrowth occurring with zinc supplementation [ 122], [ 123]. Data correlating zinc levels with TE and AGA are, on the other hand, not homogeneous. A retrospective cross-sectional study of 115 subjects diagnosed with TE (acute and chronic) found that 9.6% of subjects had zinc deficiency [ 48]. Another study comparing 312 subjects with hair loss (including AA, MPHL, FPHL, and TE) with 32 controls showed low levels of zinc in patients with AA and TE. These authors recommended zinc replacement if levels were < 70µg/dL [ 124]. However, this finding was not confirmed by a recent study of 40 patients with CTE, with 30 healthy subjects as controls, with the authors finding no difference in zinc levels between the affected and control patients. [ 125]. Langerhans cells (LCs) are a subset of antigen-presenting cells that are distributed in the epidermis [ 12]. LCs but not KCs express CD39 (ecto-nucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 1; ENTPD-1) that potently hydrolyzes ATP into AMP [ 13, 14, 15], thereby assuming approximately 80% of the epidermal ATP hydrolysis [ 16]. Interestingly, epidermal LCs were absent in the skin lesions of patients with AE and of ZD mice [ 8, 9, 10]. The impaired ATP hydrolysis because of the disappearance of LCs leads to ATP-mediated inflammation in the epidermis, followed by the development of ICD. Therefore, the characteristic skin lesions in patients with AE are developed by aberrant ATP production from ZD–KCs and defective ATP hydrolysis due to loss of CD39-expressing LCs. Low Biotin levels can occur in patients on antiepileptics such as carbamazepine, phenytoin, and phenobarbital.Possible underlying mechanisms include impaired biotin uptake across the intestinal mucosa, exaggerated biotin catabolism, and inhibition ofrenal reabsorption. Therefore, patients who are likely to be on anticonvulsants for long periods should receive biotin supplementation. [10] [11] Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), telogen effluvium (TE) are two common types of hair loss. Studies show that supplementing the diet with low levels of vitamin D can improve symptoms of these diseases. If a patient with AGA or TE has low iron levels (more commonly seen in females), supplementation is also recommended. These iron-deficient patients should also ensure their vitamin C intake is appropriate. At the present time there is insufficient data to recommend zinc, riboflavin, folic acid, or vitamin B12 supplementation in cases of deficiency. Neither vitamin E or biotin supplementation are supported by the literature for treating AGA or TE; in addition, biotin supplementation can also lead to dangerous false laboratory results. Studies show that too much vitamin A can contribute to hair loss, as can too much selenium, although more studies are needed to establish the latter relationship.

Biotin Complex w/ Selenium + Zinc - Bettervits Biotin Complex w/ Selenium + Zinc - Bettervits

Biotin is a water-soluble vitamin that serves as a co-enzyme for five carboxylases, namely, the covalently bound coenzyme for acetyl-CoA carboxylases 1 and 2, pyruvate carboxylase, propionyl-CoA carboxylase, and 3-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase. These biotin-dependent carboxylases facilitate various metabolic reactions such as gluconeogenesis, fatty acid synthesis, and amino acid synthesis. Mammals cannot synthesize biotin by themselves; they obtain biotin through food and some gut microbiota produce biotin. Biotin deficiency (BnD) rarely occurs in people who consume a normal mixed diet [ 1, 2]. However, genetic deficiency of holocarboxylase synthetase and biotinidase, continuous consumption of raw egg whites, parenteral nutrition, and modified milk without biotin supplementation could result in BnD [ 1, 2, 3]. Patients with BnD [ 4] are known to develop clinical symptoms that are similar to those in patients with acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE), which is caused by loss-of-function mutations in Zrt-, Irt-like protein (ZIP) 4 [ 5, 6, 7]. The clinical symptoms of AE include characteristic skin lesions, alopecia, and diarrhea. Biotin deficit is rare as we consume enough through our diet, from biotin-rich sources such as milk, some animal based foods, certain vegetables, seeds, and nuts. Biotin is critical for the production of protein, which leads to the development of strong, healthy hair and nails. Small studies have shown that biotin supplements can help strengthen nails and maintain healthy hair, though evidence to support this is limited. Acquired biotin deficiency can be due to increased raw egg consumption, where avidin particles attach to biotin and inhibit its absorption into the intestinal gut. In cooked eggs the avidin particles are destroyed [ 35]. Other causes of acquired biotin deficiency include states of malabsorption, alcoholism, pregnancy, prolonged use of antibiotics that interrupt normal flora, medications such as valproic acid, and isotretinoin intake. The aforementioned medications interfere with biotinidase activity [ 34]. Evidence suggests that 50% of pregnant women are deficient in biotin [ 36]. Practitioners should be aware that biotin requirements may increase during anticonvulsant therapy. [16]In biotinidase deficiency, patient therapy typically consists of lifelong doses of biotin. Biotin doses in the range of 5 to 20 mg can treat and prevent clinical signs and biotinidase deficiency symptoms. [7] [17]While there have been a few small studies conducted which show a positive impact of taking the supplement, these have not shown results that are firmly conclusive. What are the potential benefits of taking biotin? Over-processing can affect the potency of biotin in food and render it ineffective. Low-processed or raw versions of these foods contain more active amounts of biotin and provide the most health benefits.

Biotin Hair Growth Tablets - Hair Skin and Nails Vitamins for

Hair loss is a common problem that may be improved with vitamin and mineral supplementation. Vitamins and minerals are important for normal cell growth and function and may contribute to hair loss when they are deficient. While supplementation is relatively affordable and easily accessible, it is important to know which vitamins and minerals are helpful in treating hair loss. Several clinical studies have implicated oxidant/antioxidant discrepancy in patients with AA, which is a disease dependent on autoimmunity, genetic predisposition, and emotional and environmental stress. These studies have been reviewed, with most reviewers reporting increased levels of oxidative stress biomarkers and decreased levels of protective antioxidant enzymes in patients with AA [ 79]. While these important nutrients do contribute to our hair, skin and nail health, it’s not necessary to start a whole new supplement routine. In most cases, a supplement is only needed if there is a vitamin or mineral deficiency. A well-rounded diet is your best bet for consuming adequate amounts of vitamin A, vitamin C, biotin and zinc and reaping hair, nails and skin benefits. If you have concerns about your nutrient intake, always consult with your healthcare provider. National Institutes of Health: “Biotin: Fact Sheet for Consumers,” "Biotin: Fact Sheet for Health Professionals.” Biotin is part of the “B family” of vitamins and is also known as vitamin H. It’s a B complex vitamin that helps your body convert food into energy.If your goal is healthier skin, hair, or nails, a biotin supplement or gummie may help. For best results, eat a nutritious diet with plenty of fruits and vegetables and take vitamin supplements, including biotin, for better overall health. Benefits of Zinc Salmon. A 3-ounce serving of cooked salmon has 5 micrograms of biotin, about 17% of your daily value. Ever wondered how certain nutrients can impact the health of our hair, nails and skin? Many of us have seen beauty claims on supplements or skincare products that a specific nutrient or ingredient will remove wrinkles, make hair shine or strengthen nails. While those claims might be an exaggeration, there are some real, science-based connections between certain vitamins and minerals and the health of our hair, nails and skin. Let’s explore four key nutrients that play a pivotal role in these areas. Vitamin A

Biotin: Health Benefits, Health Risks, Dosage, and More - WebMD Biotin: Health Benefits, Health Risks, Dosage, and More - WebMD

It’s important to understand what’s causing your hair loss, but this can take some detective work. Dr. Bergfeld says dermatologists start with a thorough physical exam. They consider not just your diet, but your exercise habits and family history as well. Then, they review your medications (because some can cause hair loss) and bloodwork. Does biotin help increase hair growth?Although a relationship between vitamin D levels and AGA or TE is still being debated, most authors agree in supplementing vitamin D in patients with hair loss and vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin C intake is crucial in patients with hair loss associated with iron deficiency. There are no data to support the role of vitamin E in AGA or TE. Suboptimal biotin level is common in pregnancy. Despite a normal dietary biotin intake, about half of the pregnant women in the US are marginally biotin deficient. According to the worldwide neonatal screening survey, the incidence of profound biotin deficiency is one in 112,271, and the incidence of partial deficiency is one in 129,282. The combined incidence of profound and partial deficiency is one in 60089 live births. Biotinidase deficiency has been diagnosed more commonly in children of the White race. Research has observed a higher incidence of biotin deficiency in Brazil, Turkey, and Saudi Arabia. [17] [6] People who excessively consume alcohol have a relatively higher incidence of low biotin levels compared to the general population. [5] Biotin, Zinc Oxide, Bulking Agent (Dicalcium Phosphate, Microcrystalline Cellulose), Anti-Caking Agents (Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide). Directions Biotin is a popular beauty supplement. If you don’t get enough biotin in your diet, it can lead to thinning hair, brittle nails, and dry skin. Biotinidase deficiency confirmation is done by DNA analysis, either allele-targeted methods or full-gene sequencing. Currently, all newborn screening programs in the U.S. and more than 30 other countries carry out screening for biotinidase deficiency. [6] [7] [30] [7]

The Role of Vitamins and Minerals in Hair Loss: A Review

Best biotin shampoo for color-treated hair: Briogeo Blossom & Bloom Ginseng + Biotin Volumizing Shampoo The diagnostic tests for biotin deficiency are urinary 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid and biotin and the status of propionyl-CoA carboxylase in lymphocytes. [16] [17] Biotin-dependent carboxylases in human lymphocytes are reliable markers for determining biotin status. Decreased beta-methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase activity shunts the catabolism to alternative pathways, leading to the elevated formation of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid. The most reliable marker of biotin deficiency is increased excretion of 3-hydroxyisovaleric acid in the urine (over 195 micromol/24 hours). Evidence shows that serum biotin concentration does not decrease in biotin deficiency patients receiving biotin-free total parenteral nutrition. Therefore, serum biotin levels are not reliable indicators of marginal biotin deficiency. [5] [16] If biotin deficiency is suspected, it warrants a thorough neurological examination and other investigations, including vision and hearing testing. Biotin, also known as vitamin B7, helps metabolize food in the body as ​​well as maintain many of your body’s major systems. Your body needs biotin to help convert certain nutrients into energy. It also plays an important role in the health of your hair, skin, and nails. If you’re dealing with hair loss, you’re likely wondering not only what you can do about it, but also why it’s happening in the first place. Hair loss has multiple causes, many of which are systemic. “If your hair is falling out at the roots, often something is going wrong in your body or in your life situation,” Dr. Bergfeld says.In 2017, Thompson et al. reviewed five other studies investigating the relationship between AA and iron [ 55]. None of these studies supported an association between AA and iron deficiency [ 27, 44, 111– 113]. Immune cells are extremely sensitive to oxidative damage. They also produce reactive oxygen species as part of the immune defense mechanism, which can induce a lipid peroxidation reaction. Antioxidant supplementation fundamentally reverses several age-associated immune deficiencies, leading to increased numbers of total lymphocytes and T-cell subsets, elevated levels of interleukin-2, increased natural killer cell activity, enhanced antibody response to antigen stimulation, improved mitogen responsiveness, decreased prostaglandin synthesis, and decreased lipid peroxidation [ 78]. Oman Medical Journal: “Survey of the Effect of Biotin on Glycemic Control and Plasma Lipid Concentrations in Type 1 Diabetic Patients in Kermanshah in Iran (2008-2009).”