Come morning a broad-spectrum SPF is a must. “It not only protects us from skin cancer and sun damage, but since retinoids promote cell turnover the skin can become more sensitive to the sun and more prone to burning,” explains Metwally. A mushroom used as an anti-aging ingredient in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) for thousands of years. It is well-known for its ability to reduce the appearance of aging skin and boost collagen synthesis.

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However, in whatever form, retinoic acid speeds up cell turnover, boosts collagen and elastin production, inhibits melanin production and regulates sebum production too. “Resulting in a reduction in breakouts, pore size appearance, hyperpigmentation, plus lines and wrinkles, and an improvement in skin texture, and overall radiance,” adds Metwally. A safe and effective growth factor analog known to support healing and regeneration, further collagen synthesis, and deliver beneficial epigenetic messages to cell nuclei. It is a key bio-identical molecule in the cellular “emergency response system” of the body. Go slowly with how often you use your retinoid too,” says Metwally, whose favourite retinols are the ZO Skin Health Radical Night Repair and the Skinbetter Science AlphaRet Overnight Cream. He adds that he usually recommends, “applying your retinoid at night twice a week for the first week, then every other night for the next two weeks, graduating to nighty use by week four. This way your skin slowly gets used to the retinoic acid, and you should shed less and encounter less irritation as well.”With all those benefits it’s no wonder that the Skin Pharmacy team recommend adding a retinoid to your skincare arsenal in your mid to late 20’s (unless you have acne in which case you can use it sooner). “That's when cell turnover starts slowing down, as does collagen production, which leads to dullness, dryness, and the onset of lines and wrinkles,” says Metwally. Not only that, but retinoids also flood the skin with retinoic acid. “Prescription retinoids like tretinoin are concentrated forms of active retinoic acid, while over the counter topical retinol converts into retinoic acid within the skin once applied. This makes prescription grade retinols more potent than retinol, but with people often finding retinol more tolerable and comfortable to use, this is no bad thing,” explains Metwally. An Extremozyme® joining this ingredient class pioneered by iS Clinical. Found in several plants thriving in high-salt environments, including the Dead Sea, salty deserts, and marine environments. Shields DNA from environmental stresses. Specially formulated with other ingredients in the formula to be a highly potent cofactor for collagen synthesis. This stabilized, bio-available form of Vitamin C retains all other benefits of the ingredient, including antioxidant activity against environmental stresses, brightening, and protection from photoaging.

Skin Pharmacy EyeMax AlphaRet Overnight Cream (15ml) - Skin Pharmacy

Hydroxyphenoxy Propionic Acid : A skin brightener that reduces the appearance of hyperpigmentation. This ingredient has shown lightening effects similar to hydroquinone. A gold standard skincare active that treats a plethora of concerns, retinol is loved by skincare experts around the globe. But despite its popularity, it’s still largely misunderstood by the masses (even by those who use it). Glutathione : An antioxidant peptide produced naturally in our bodies, glutathione helps recycle other antioxidants. Glutathione levels decrease with age. Gluconolactone : A type of polyhydroxy acid that exfoliates more gently than an alpha hydroxy acid (e.g. glycolic and lactic acids). Gluconolactone is also a hydrating antioxidant ingredient with soothing properties.Aqua), Caprylic/Capric Triglyceride, Glyceryl Stearate, Cyclopentasiloxane, Butylene Glycol, Stearic Acid, Butyrospermum Parkii (Shea) Butter, Polysorbate 60, Stearyl Alcohol, Glycerin, Allyl Methacrylates Crosspolymer, Retinol, Polysorbate 20, Dimethicone, Simmondsia Chinensis (Jojoba) Seed Oil, Chamomilla Recutita (Matricaria) Flower Extract, Hypericum Perforatum Flower Extract, Malva Sylvestris IMallow) Flower Extract, Salvia Officinalis (Sage) Leaf Extract, Sambucus Nigra Flower Extract, Cyclohexailoxane, Sorbitol, Tocopheryl Acetate, Ascorbic Acid, Ubiquinone, Sodium Hyaluronate, Propylene Glycol, BHT, Bisabolol, Dimethicone/Vinyl Dimethicone Crosspolymer, Dipotassium Glycyrrhizate, Disodium EDTA, Triethanolamine, Carbomer, Glyceryl Acrylate/Acrylic Acid Copolymer, Caprylyl Glycol, Ethylhexylglycerin, Hexylene Glycol, Phenoxyethanol Our Retinol Skin Repair Time-Reverse Night Moisturiser is designed to work at night, when the skin is most receptive to repair, by slowly releasing encapsulated retinol into the skin, which aims to balance the skin tone and diminish the signs of lines and wrinkles, replacing dull complexions with brighter and plumper skin. The addition of Vitamin E ensures beautifully moisturised skin by morning.