Eifler, Mark A. (2002). Gold Rush Capitalists: Greed and Growth in Sacramento. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. ISBN 978-0826328229.

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The Gold Rush significantly influenced the history of California and the United States. It created a lasting impact by propelling significant industrial and agricultural development and helped shape the course of California’s development by spurring its economic growth and facilitating its transition to statehood. The Gold Rush also led foreign businesses to flourish as they expanded the export of their goods and services to the booming new consumer markets in California. Today, the effects of the Gold Rush can still be observed in California. The state’s slogan, “Eureka!” (“I found it!”) is a nod to Gold Rush prospectors. The Gold Rush also attracted dreamers, adventurers and vagabonds from all over the world and epitomized much of what came to be known as the American Dream. Many scholars and theorists have drawn parallels between the spirit of the Gold Rush and the ongoing technological and entrepreneurial boom experienced in Silicon Valley. It is therefore vital for students of history to form an understanding of the geopolitical, economic and social effects of such movements in the United States. Starr, Kevin (1973). Americans and the California Dream: 1850–1915. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-504233-7.

Paul, Rodman W. (1969) [1947]. California Gold: The Beginning of Mining in the Far West. Bison: University of Nebraska Press. In the most complex placer mining, groups of prospectors would divert the water from an entire river into a sluice alongside the river and then dig for gold in the newly exposed river bottom. [95] Modern estimates are that as much as 12million ounces [96] (370 t) of gold were removed in the first five years of the Gold Rush. [97] Overnight California gained the international reputation as the "golden state". [167] Generations of immigrants have been attracted by the California Dream. California farmers, [168] oil drillers, [169] movie makers, [170] airplane builders, [171] computer and microchip makers, and "dot-com" entrepreneurs have each had their boom times in the decades after the Gold Rush. [172] Dandelion, AKA The Sweetest Face Powder In All The World, is a complete and utter delight to wear. Sheer but infinitely buildable, it bestows dull complexions with a boost of radiance that doesn’t come from shimmer (although there is a hint of it), instead, it comes from the luminous colour pigments. When you feel like your skin needs just a little something, this is it. Having sworn all concerned at the mill to secrecy, in February 1848, Sutter sent Charles Bennett to Monterey to meet with Colonel Mason, the chief U.S. official in California, to secure the mineral rights of the land where the mill stood. Bennett was not to tell anyone of the discovery of gold, but when he stopped at Benicia, he heard talk about the discovery of coal near Mount Diablo, and he blurted out the discovery of gold. He continued to San Francisco, where again, he could not keep the secret. At Monterey, Mason declined to make any judgement of title to lands and mineral rights, and Bennett for the third time revealed the gold discovery. [14]

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The gold rushes had an immense impact on Australia’s population. News of the 1851 discoveries attracted people from countries around the world. Over just two decades, immigration quadrupled Australia’s population, from 438,000 in 1851 to 1.7 million in 1871. As the population expanded, it also began to diversify. Other than the Aboriginal peoples, the colonial population before the gold rushes consisted almost entirely of people from the British Isles. Although the majority of the new immigrants also came from the United Kingdom, they were joined by prospectors from the United States, Germany, France, Italy, Poland, Hungary, and other countries. The gold rush era was also the first time that Australia experienced a significant influx of Chinese immigrants. By 1861 more than 38,000 Chinese lived in Australia, making up more than 3 percent of the population. More than 12,000 Chinese arrived in the year 1856 alone.Starr, Kevin and Orsi, Richard J. (2000), p. 50. Other estimates are that there were 7,000–13,000 non-Native Americans in California before January 1848. See Holliday, J. S. (1999), p. 26, p. 51.