Many women feel obliged to give chocolates to all male co-workers, except when the day falls on a Sunday, a holiday. This is known as giri-choko ( 義理チョコ), from ' giri' ("obligation") and 'choko', ("chocolate"), with unpopular co-workers receiving only "ultra-obligatory" (超義理チョコ 'chō-giri choko') cheap chocolate. This contrasts with honmei-choko ( 本命チョコ, lit. "true feeling chocolate"), chocolate given to a loved one. Friends, especially girls, may exchange chocolate referred to as tomo-choko ( 友チョコ, from 'tomo' meaning "friend"). [143]

BERTA – Eesti rahvakalendri tähtpäevade andmebaas". folklore.ee. Archived from the original on February 19, 2016. The concept of Valentine's Day was introduced into Pakistan during the late 1990s with special TV and radio programs. The Jamaat-e-Islami political party has called for the banning of Valentine's Day celebration. [126] Despite this, the celebration is becoming popular among urban youth and the florists expect to sell a great number of flowers, especially red roses. The case is the same with card publishers. [153]Gary Hanna received two Fellowships in Poetry and five individual artist awards from the Delaware Division of the Arts and a Residency Fellowship to the Virginia Center for the Creative Arts from the Mid-Atlantic Art Foundation. He has published two chapbooks: The Homestead Poems and Sediment and Other Poems, both from the Broadkill Press. The holiday was first introduced in Spain through a 1948 advertisement campaign by the department store chain Galerías Preciados, [185] and had become widespread by the 1970s. [185]

St. Valentine's Day, or Ημέρα του Αγίου Βαλεντίνου in Greek tradition was not associated with romantic love. In the Eastern Orthodox church there is another Saint who protects people who are in love, Hyacinth of Caesarea (feast day July 3), but this was not widely known until the late 1990s. [174] In contemporary Greece, Valentine's Day is generally celebrated as in the common Western tradition. [175] Ireland Many Christians make a pilgrimage to Whitefriar Street Carmelite Church in Dublin on Saint Valentine's Day to implore the intercession of Saint Valentine in their prayers, with the hope of finding true love [176] Why most Indians do not find Valentine's Day special". The New Indian Express. Archived from the original on September 26, 2020 . Retrieved February 14, 2021.

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The Illustrated Library of the Natural Sciences, Volume 1, 1958, Simon and Schuster. p. 85 "The amethyst is the birthstone for February, and Saint Valentine is supposed to have worn an amethyst engraved with a figure of Cupid" a b Levine, Deborah A. (2012). Love Miscellany: Everything You Always Wanted to Know about the Many Ways We Celebrate Romance and Passion. Skyhorse Publishing Inc. pp.17–18. ISBN 9781616083861 . Retrieved February 13, 2018. Calendarium Romanum ex Decreto Sacrosancti Œcumenici Concilii Vaticani II Instauratum Auctoritate Pauli PP. VI Promulgatum (Typis Polyglottis Vaticanis, MCMLXIX), p. 117. In most Latin American countries, for example, Costa Rica, [93] Mexico, [94] and the U.S. territory of Puerto Rico, Saint Valentine's Day is known as Día de los Enamorados ('Day of Lovers') [95] or as Día del Amor y la Amistad ('Day of Love and Friendship'). It is also common to see people perform "acts of appreciation" for their friends. [96] Ansgar, 1976, pp. 60–61. The replacement of Lupercalia with Saint Valentine's celebration was suggested by researchers Kellog and Cox. Ansgar says "It is hardly credible, then, that Pope Gelasius could have introduced the feast of the Purification to counteract the Lupercalia, and in fact the historical records of his pontificate give no hint of such an action."

Iran shops banned from selling Valentine gifts". Iran Focus. Agence France-Presse. January 2, 2011. Archived from the original on September 16, 2021 . Retrieved September 17, 2021.a b Vivian Krug Hotchkiss, Emotions Greeting Cards, VH Productions, [email protected]. "Esther Howland". Emotionscards.com. Archived from the original on July 22, 2011 . Retrieved August 6, 2011. {{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( link) Guiley, Rosemary (2001). The Encyclopedia of Saints. Infobase Publishing. p.341. ISBN 9781438130262. The Valentines Day Chocolate Poem Letterbox gift is a perfect treat to say "Happy Valentines Day!". Colombia hypes up for love and friendship". Colombia Reports. September 16, 2009. Archived from the original on February 14, 2018 . Retrieved February 14, 2018.