Historically, smelling salts have been used on people feeling faint, [3] [4] [5] or who have fainted. They are usually administered by others but may be self-administered. gas, which triggers an inhalation reflex. It causes the muscles that control breathing to work faster by irritating the mucous membranes of the nose and lungs. [6]

Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. We avoid using tertiary references. We link primary sources — including studies, scientific references, and statistics — within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our editorial policy.Air Raids fact sheet: First aid kits". Caring on the home front. Archived from the original on 2008-11-20. Anti Malaria Malaria is a serious tropical disease spread by mosquitoes. If it isn’t diagnosed and treated promptly, it can be fatal. A single mosquito bite is all it takes for someone to become infected. Symptoms of malaria It’s important to be aware of the symptoms of malaria if you’re travelling to areas where there’s a high risk of the disease. Symptoms include: 1. A high temperature of 38C or above 2. Feeling hot and shivery 3. Headaches 4. Vomiting 5. Muscle pains 6. Diarrhoea Symptoms usually appear between 7 and 18 days after becoming infected, but in some cases the symptoms may not appear for up to a year, or occasionally even longer. When to seek medical attention Seek medical help immediately if you develop symptoms of malaria during or after a visit to an area where the disease is found. You should still seek medical help even if it’s several weeks, months or a year after you return from travelling. If there’s a possibility you have malaria, a blood test will be carried out to confirm whether or not you’re infected. You should receive the results of your blood test on the same day. If you have malaria, treatment will… Smoking Cessation Local stop smoking services are free, friendly and can massively boost your chances of quitting for good. These services staffed by expert advisers provide a range of proven methods to help you quit. They’ll give you accurate information and advice, as well as professional support, during the first few months you stop smoking. They also make it easy and affordable for you to get stop smoking treatments, such as: * Varenicline (Champix) * Bupropion (Zyban) * nicotine replacement therapy, such as patches and gum One-to-one and group stop smoking sessions You’ll normally be offered a one-to-one appointment with an adviser, but many areas also offer group and drop-in services as well. Depending on where you live, the venue could be a local GP surgery, pharmacy, high-street shop, or even a mobile bus clinic. Jennifer Percival, who trains stop smoking advisers, says that using both treatment and specialist support is proven to give you the best chance of stopping smoking. “The majority of people who see an adviser will get through the first month after quitting without smoking a cigarette. “Overall, you’re up to 4 times more likely to stop smoking for good if you use a combination of stop smoking… Prewitt, Alex (March 17, 2016). "Smelling salts jolt of choice in NHL". Sports Illustrated . Retrieved 29 September 2016. If you get any side effects, talk to your doctor; pharmacist or nurse. This includes any possible side effects not listed in this product description. How to store:

Most people can tolerate exposure to around 250 ppm of ammonia for under 1 hour. However, even exposure to 50 ppm of ammonia for more than 2 hours can cause irritation to the eyes, nose, and throat. Inhale vapour through nostrils as required. If symptoms persist, consult your doctor. Possible side effects: Ammonia gas is toxic in large concentrations for prolonged periods and can be fatal. [1] [5] If a high concentration of ammonia is inhaled too close to the nostril, it might burn the nasal or oral mucosa. The suggested distance is 10–15 centimetres (4–6in). [1] Although these symptoms can all be present when you have a head cold, there are lots of other symptoms you can experience too, as colds do not just affect your head. Other symptoms you could experience include:

How to store:

Smelling Salts". Compact Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on December 1, 2015. Smelling salts, also known as ammonia inhalants, spirit of hartshorne or sal volatile, are chemical compounds used as stimulants to restore consciousness after fainting. [1] Usage [ edit ] https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/455704/Ammonia_TO_PHE_240815.pdf a b c d e f g h i j k l McCrory, P (2006). "Smelling Salts". British Journal of Sports Medicine. 40 (8): 659–660. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2006.029710. PMC 2579444. PMID 16864561.

The use of smelling salts was widely recommended during the Second World War, with all workplaces advised by the British Red Cross and St. John Ambulance to keep smelling salts in their first aid boxes. [12] Physiological action [ edit ] Rembrandt's Unconscious Patient (Allegory of Smell) shows a woman using smelling salts to revive a man who has fainted at the hands of a barber-surgeon. a b Shakhashiri (2008-02-01). "Chemical of the week – Ammonia" (PDF). University of Wisconsin-Madison. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-21 . Retrieved 2010-05-24.

The active substances (the ingredients that make the smelling salts work) are 0.539g eucalyptus oil and at least 8.82g ammonia liquor 8 80/ 890 per bottle . Bad Smells" and "Fragrance": Reading Mansfield Park through the Eighteenth-Century Nose". Jane Austen Society of North America. NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 ⟶ 2 NH 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O {\displaystyle {\ce {(NH4)2CO3 -> 2 NH3 + CO2 + H2O}}} NH 4 HCO 3 ⟶ NH 3 + CO 2 + H 2 O {\displaystyle {\ce {NH4HCO3 -> NH3 + CO2 + H2O}}} https://journals.lww.com/nsca-jscr/Fulltext/2018/01000/Acute_Effects_of_Ammonia_Inhalants_on_Strength_and.31.aspx

Treatments Find every kind of best treatment near you, We British Chemist UK online pharmacy retailer and registered pharmacy with the MHRA and GPhC. https://journals.lww.com/nsca-scj/Citation/2021/12000/Effects_of_Ammonia_Inhalants_in_Humans__A_Review.9.aspx Fainting can be caused by excessive parasympathetic and vagal activity that slows the heart and decreases perfusion of the brain. [13] The sympathetic irritant effect is exploited to counteract these vagal parasympathetic effects and thereby reverse the faint. [14] Risks [ edit ]https://health.uconn.edu/orthopedics-sports-medicine/2018/02/27/improper-use-of-smelling-salts-a-growing-concern Bartolomei, S., et al. (2018). Acute effects of ammonia inhalants on strength and power performance in trained men. Investigation: Ammonia sniffing popular in NFL". Florida Times-Union. February 3, 2005. Archived from the original on 2016-05-02 . Retrieved 29 September 2016. The usual active compound is ammonium carbonate—a colorless-to-white, crystalline solid ((NH 4) 2CO 3). [1] Because most modern solutions are mixed with water, they should properly be called "aromatic spirits of ammonia". [1] Modern solutions may also contain other products to perfume or act in conjunction with the ammonia, such as lavender oil or eucalyptus oil. [2] For the record by Trailer Bride, see Smelling Salts (album). Two capsules of smelling salts from a first-aid kit. A thin inner glass tube contains alcohol and ammonia; the outer layer is cotton and netting. When crushed, the liquid is released into the cotton, while the glass shards are retained inside. The ammonia-soaked cotton is waved in front of the nose for the treatment of fainting.