The non-surgical phase is the initial phase in the sequence of procedures required for periodontal treatment. [41] This phase aims to reduce and eliminate any gingival inflammation by removing dental plaque and calculus, restoration from tooth decay and correction of defective restoration, as these all contribute to gingival inflammation, also known as gingivitis. [41] Phase I consists of treatment of emergencies, antimicrobial therapy, diet control, patient education and motivation, correction of iatrogenic factors, deep caries, hopeless teeth, preliminary scaling, temporary splinting, occlusal adjustment, minor orthodontic tooth movement and debridement. [41] Re-evaluation phase [ edit ] Nonsurgical options often work well for people with mild to moderate periodontitis. These treatments include: Good oral care. This means brushing your teeth for two minutes at least twice a day — in the morning and before going to bed — and flossing at least once a day. Flossing before you brush allows you to clean away the loosened food bits and bacteria. Good oral care keeps your teeth and gums clean and removes the bacteria that cause periodontal disease. Tezal, Miné; Grossi, Sara G.; Ho, Alex W.; Genco, Robert J. (February 2001). "The Effect of Alcohol Consumption on Periodontal Disease". Journal of Periodontology. 72 (2): 183–189. doi: 10.1902/jop.2001.72.2.183. PMID 11288791. In 2017 the American Academy of Periodontology (AAP) and the European Federation of Periodontology (EFP) together collaborated to revise and adopt a new classification system for periodontal conditions to aid in a more personalized approach to patient care. In 2018 they released an updated classification system which includes a multi-dimensional staging and grading system for periodontitis classification, a recategorization of various forms of periodontitis, and the inaugural classification for peri-implant diseases and conditions. [18] Periodontal health, gingivitis, and gingival diseases and conditions [ edit ] Healthy gingiva Gingivitis after treatment

Periodontal diseases can be caused by a variety of factors, the most prominent being dental plaque. Dental plaque forms a bacterial biofilm on the tooth surface; if not adequately removed from the tooth surface in close proximity to the gingiva, a host-microbial interaction gets underway. This results in the imbalance between host and bacterial factors which can in turn result in a change from health to disease. Other local or systemic factors can result in or further progress the manifestation of periodontal disease. Other factors can include age, socio-economic status, oral hygiene education and diet. Systemic factors may include uncontrolled diabetes or tobacco smoking. [15] Kinane, Denis F. (February 2001). "Causation and Pathogenesis of Periodontal Disease". Periodontology 2000. 25 (1): 8–20. doi: 10.1034/j.1600-0757.2001.22250102.x. PMID 11155179. / These tests help them create a periodontal treatment plan. Your periodontist, a dentist, or dental hygienist may all be part of your treatment. Antibiotics or a thorough cleaning can often control early stages of gum disease. More advanced cases may require surgery. When treating periodontal disease, there will be three phases of treatment that your dentist will take you through. These include: Phase I: The etiological phasePlacing a dental implant is a surgical procedure, and the extra three years of education periodontists receive beyond dental school includes in-depth surgical training that most general dentists don’t receive.

Periodontal (gum) disease. National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research. https://www.nidcr.nih.gov/health-info/gum-disease. Accessed Dec. 27, 2022.Periodontal disease progresses and becomes more problematic over time. There are four gum disease stages, including: Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions". American Academy of Periodontology . Retrieved 21 February 2023. Prostheses and tooth-related factors that modify or predispose to plaque-induced gingival diseases/periodontitis

Moderate periodontitis: As periodontitis progresses, you lose even more bone around your teeth. Bacteria continue to erode the ligaments and soft tissues that support your teeth and keep them healthy. At this stage, your gums may become sore and tender. Nash, David A. (October 2012). "Envisioning an oral healthcare workforce for the future". Community Dentistry and Oral Epidemiology. 40: 141–147. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0528.2012.00734.x. PMID 22998319. During this phase, you’ll be educated about what you have to do for home care, which will include taking care of your overall health. You will also be required to stop smoking and to maintain excellent oral hygiene. Contemporary periodontal treatment is designed based on the trimeric model, and is performed in four phases. These phases are structured to ensure that periodontal therapy is conducted in a logical sequence, consequently improving the prognosis of the patient, in comparison to indecisive treatment plan without a clear goal.

When do periods start?

Receding gums are not always due to gum disease. This can also result from brushing your teeth too hard, which injures the gum tissue. A periodontist can fix this issue for cosmetic purposes, potentially lowering your risk of gum problems in the future. Genetics and the host response have been shown to play an important role in periodontal disease development in studies on identical twins and isolated indigenous populations. [35] Periodontal disease also may result due to an abnormal or decreased immune response, rather than aggressive properties of bacterial pathogens. [36] Many people can benefit from having periodontal treatment, and it will be up to your dentist to decide, after they’ve done a thorough periodontal assessment, which treatment you might benefit from. See your dentist if you are experiencing symptoms like: