Graphite is difficult to ignite and not commonly used as fuel; it is most used in pencils, or powdered for lubrication. Further information: History of coal mining Chinese coal miners in an illustration of the Tiangong Kaiwu encyclopedia, published in 1637

Countries with annual consumption higher than 500 million tonnes are shown. Shares are based on data expressed in tonnes oil equivalent.Read more about: Kings and Queens The 'Godmother of Europe': Queen Victoria's family ties across the continent

Fiona, Harvey (21 May 2021). "Richest nations agree to end support for coal production overseas". The Guardian . Retrieved 22 May 2021. In the long term coal and oil could cost the world trillions of dollars per year. [187] [188] Coal alone may cost Australia billions, [189] whereas costs to some smaller companies or cities could be on the scale of millions of dollars. [190] The economies most damaged by coal (via climate change) may be India and the US as they are the countries with the highest social cost of carbon. [191] Bank loans to finance coal are a risk to the Indian economy. [135]Regional Briefings for the 2018 Coal Plant Developers List" (PDF). Urgewald . Retrieved 27 November 2018.