Jun JH, Bang SP, Park HS, et al. A randomized multicenter clinical evaluation of sequential application of 0.3% and 0.15% hyaluronic acid for treatment of dry eye. Jpn J Ophthalmol. 2022;66(1):58-67. doi:10.1007/s10384-021-00885-x‌

Children: Studies have been performed to evaluate the efficacy of HA inhalation in the treatment of the upper and lower airways in children, but evidence of such efficacy is limited. Moreover, topical HA gel has been studied in children to treat mouth ulcers. Despite the use of HA in children, the safety of the consumption of HA by mouth in children is yet to be known. Peanpadungrat P. Efficacy and safety of fish oil in treatment of knee osteoarthritis. J Med Assoc Thai. 2015;98( Suppl 3):S110-S114. Colletti A, Cicero AFG. Nutraceutical approach to chronic osteoarthritis: from molecular research to clinical evidence. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. 2021;22(23):12920. doi:10.3390/ijms222312920

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Yao ZY, Qin J, Gong JS, et al. Versatile strategies for bioproduction of hyaluronic acid driven by synthetic biology. Carbohydrate Polymers. 2021;264:118015. doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118015 Jang KM, Park YG, Choi WK, et al. Safety of a single intra-articular injection of LBSA0103 hyaluronic acid in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee: a multicenter, single-arm, prospective, cohort study. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 2021;37(9):1573-1580. doi:10.1080/03007995.2021.1950132

Oliviero F, Ramonda R, Hoxha A, et al. Effect of an oral preparation containing hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, hydrolyzed collagen type II and hydrolyzed keratin on synovial fluid features and clinical indices in knee osteoarthritis. A pilot study. Reumatismo. 2020;72(3):125-130. doi:10.4081/reumatismo.2020.1272 Aqua (Water), Propylene Glycol, Betaine, Sodium Hyaluronate, Bioasaccharide Gum-1, Caprylyl Glycol, Lactic Acid, Sodium Gluconate, Glycerin, Phenoxyethanol, Sodium Levulinate, Glyceryl Caprylate, Sodium Anisate, Xanthan Gum. Oe M, Tashiro T, Yoshida H, et al. Oral hyaluronan relieves knee pain: a review. Nutrition Journal. 2015;15(1). doi:10.1186/s12937-016-0128-2 Litwiniuk M, Krejner A, Speyrer MS, Gauto AR, Grzela T. Hyaluronic acid in inflammation and tissue regeneration. Wounds. 2016;28(3):78-88.‌ Gingivitis (gum disease): A double-blind parallel three-arm (0.12% chlorhexidine, 0.025% HA, and a water-based antioxidant mouthwash containing beta-carotene and vitamin E and C as active ingredients) clinical trial was conducted in 75 people 18 to 23 years with biofilm-induced gingivitis. It showed that all three interventions significantly reduced the plaque index (PI) after seven days compared to the baseline data. However, chlorhexidine showed a larger PI reduction than the HA and antioxidant mouthwashes.Jensen GS, Attridge VL, Lenninger MR, Benson KF. Oral intake of a liquid high-molecular-weight hyaluronan associated with relief of chronic pain and reduced use of pain medication: results of a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind pilot study. Journal of Medicinal Food. 2015;18(1):95-101. doi:10.1089/jmf.2013.0174