Trans/Missions –Resources on religion, media and society based at University of Southern California

These two books provide a good overview of key concepts informing the question and design of studies in media and religion.The ruling also evokes the need for alternative data scenarios which are informed by scientific, policy, and legal considerations. In scientific reflections on new technologies, their potential application is most often formulated in two directions: either to exert control or to provide service. Lyon ( Reference Lyon2006), for example, speaks of “care” in opposition to “control,” and I have used the term “service” in opposition to the term “surveillance” (van Zoonen, Reference van Zoonen2016). The analysis of data practices in the social policy domain shows that they move by and large in the direction of applications for surveillance, while municipal experiments to provide better services is much rarer. In the context of decentralization policy, however, the provision of services should constitute an important area of application; after all, the policy was introduced to bring the services closer to the people. Furthermore, a service application of data in the social domain will, perhaps, suffer less sizeable problems with the GDPR: citizens in the social domain surrender their data because they are in need of financial or other support, and data techniques focused on service provision may meet the criterion of “purpose limitation.” Footnote 17 Being exposed to repeated patterns of representation over long periods of time can shape and influence the way in which people perceive the world around them (i.e. cultivating particular views and opinions) Sreberny, Annabelle, and Liesbet van Zoonen, eds. 1999. Gender, politics and communication. Cresskill, NJ: Hampton. Gender performativity is not a singular act, but a repetition and a ritual. It is outlined and reinforced through dominant patriarchal ideologies.

The absence of sound data governance in the social domain can be illustrated concretely by returning to the case from the TV-program Radar about the woman who took care of her demented mother and did not declare her mother’s savings. If we consider her case as a potential data source for predictive analytics, it becomes clear that a flaw in the data supply is qualified as fraud (nonvalid data ≠ FAIR); this unjustified qualification turns out to occur more often, but not always or everywhere (unsystematic data ≠ ROBUST); an unreliable variable has been included in the algorithm, which as a result does not predict either fairly or accurately (≠FACT); caregivers end up in risk profiles and are stigmatized as potential fraudsters (≠SHARED). Hjarvard, S. (2008a) “The Mediatization of Religion: A Theory of the Media as Agents of Social Change,” Northern Lights, 6: 9-26. There is a list below of the type of stereotypical presentations Van Zoonen believes exists in the media: Few media studies have been conducted from a radical perspective. The main focus is on pornography and rather polemical: “Pornography exists because men despise women, and men despise women as pornography exists (Dworkin, 1980:289).The Re-Enchantment of the West: Alternative Spiritualities, Sacralization, Popular Culture and Occulture,vol.2, London: T&T Clark International. The concept of “data steering” in the social domain unites the steering discourse and current data rhetoric with a very specific outcome: it suggests that factual data and their recognizable patterns will generate the steering. Administrative insights, official knowledge, policy directions, or citizens’ wishes do not have a self-evident place in this: after all, there is no similar discourse of administrative, policy, or civic steering. Data determines the direction, while administrators and officials sail along and citizens are not even on board, even though they co-own the ship since, after all, it sails on their data. This model has many issues, though it still proves popular with the general public, newspapers and politicians who should frankly read a media studies textbook or two. McLuhan, M. and Powers, B. (1992) The Global Village: Transformations in World Life in the Twenty First Century, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Babb, L.A. and Wadley, S.S. (eds) (1995) Media and the Transformation of Religion in South Asia, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Norris argues that gender fundamentally shapes modern American politics. By the 1990s, the political agenda had become characterized by sharp differences of opinion on affirmative action, abortion rights, and welfare reform, placing gender at the center of US politics. Authors examine how media coverage of politics reinforces, rather than challenges, the dominant culture, thereby contributing toward women’s marginalization in public life. Gender is constructed through codes and conventions of media products, and the idea of what is male and what is female changes over time The media' is controlled by an increasingly small number of companies who are driven by profit and power The Spectacular and the Spirits: Charismatics and Neo-Traditionalists on Ghanaian Television,” Material Religion, 1(3): 314-35.

Work

Anderson, B. (1991) Imagined Communities: Reflections on the Origins and Spread of Nationalism, London: Verso. Ross, Karen. 2009. Gendered media: Women, men, and identity politics. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield. Liesbet Zoonen (2020) - Data governance and citizen participation in the digital welfare state - Data & Policy, 2 (E10), 1-16 - doi: 10.1017/dap.2020.10 - [link] Meyrowitz, J. (1986) No Sense of Place: The Impact of Electronic Media on Social Behaviour, New York: Oxford University Press. Stout, D.A. and Buddenbaum, J.M. (eds) (2001) Religion and Popular Culture: Studies on the Interaction of Worldviews,Ames: Iowa State University Press.