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The A Song of Ice and Fire series of novels was popular before Game of Thrones. [41] The series has sold more than 90 million copies worldwide with the novels being translated into 45 different languages. [42] [43] George R. R. Martin received multiple fantasy writing awards and nominations, including a World Fantasy Award and multiple Locus Awards, for the series. [44] Writing for Time magazine in 2005 after the release of A Feast for Crows, journalist Lev Grossman called Martin the "American Tolkien", stating he is a "major force for evolution in fantasy". [45] Spangler, Todd (September 24, 2018). " 'Game of Thrones' Filming Locations in Northern Ireland to Open as Tourist Attractions". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on August 24, 2020 . Retrieved November 28, 2018.Game of Thrones 4K: The Complete First Season Blu-ray". Blu-ray. Archived from the original on July 16, 2019 . Retrieved January 9, 2019. Robinson, Joanna (March 22, 2015). "Game of Thrones Creators Confirm the Show Will Spoil the Books". Vanity Fair. Condé Nast. Archived from the original on June 21, 2016 . Retrieved March 23, 2015. Hibberd, James (January 6, 2015). " 'Game of Thrones' coming to IMAX: First TV series released in format". Entertainment Weekly. Meredith Corporation. Archived from the original on January 23, 2015 . Retrieved January 20, 2022. Inside Game of Thrones: A Story in Visual Effects – BTS (HBO) ( YouTube). HBO. April 1, 2019. Event occurs at 0:53. Archived from the original on January 8, 2020 . Retrieved May 21, 2020.

Robinson, Joanna (February 3, 2016). "Game of Thrones Show-Runners Get Extremely Candid About Their Original "Piece of Sh—t" Pilot". Vanity Fair. Penske Media Corporation. Archived from the original on June 15, 2016. Larsson, Simon; Lundström, Markus (June 2020). "Anarchy in the Game of Thrones". Neohelicon. 47 (1): 117–129. doi: 10.1007/s11059-020-00522-5. S2CID 216189073.Epstein, Adam (June 27, 2016). "With a wink to its audience, "Game of Thrones" told its most annoying characters to shut up". Quartz. Archived from the original on April 21, 2017 . Retrieved April 20, 2017. Bruner, Raisa (April 14, 2019). "Here's Why the Game of Thrones Show Is Better Than the Books". Time. Archived from the original on April 17, 2019 . Retrieved May 29, 2020. Ramin Djawadi Biography". AllMusic. RhythmOne. Archived from the original on August 29, 2016 . Retrieved August 29, 2016. A principal inspiration for the novels is the English Wars of the Roses (1455–1485) between the houses of Lancaster and York, reflected in Martin's houses of Lannister and Stark. [38] The scheming Cersei Lannister evokes Isabella, the "She-Wolf of France" (1295–1358). [33] She and her family, as portrayed in Maurice Druon's historical novel series, The Accursed Kings, were a main inspiration of Martin's. [39] Other historical antecedents of series elements include: Hadrian's Wall (which becomes Martin's Wall), the Roman Empire, and the legend of Atlantis (ancient Valyria), Byzantine Greek fire ("wildfire"), Icelandic sagas of the Viking Age (the Ironborn), the Mongol hordes (the Dothraki), the Hundred Years' War, and the Italian Renaissance. [33] The series's popularity has been attributed, in part, to Martin's skill at fusing these elements into a seamless, credible version of alternate history. [33] [40] Production Conception and development Showrunners D. B. Weiss and David Benioff created the series, wrote most of its episodes and directed several. Downes, Siobhan (July 7, 2020). "The new Neon is here: What does the Neon-Lightbox merger look like?". Stuff. Archived from the original on July 7, 2020 . Retrieved July 7, 2020.