Uda has a negative effect on sperm count and reduction in motility which may lead to secondary infertility. According to a study in the international Journal of Scientific Research, prolonged intake of Xylopia aethiopica can lead to reduction in sperm count and reduction in motility which may lead to secondary infertility. SEE: Effect Of Bitter Leaf On Sperm Quality And Quantity Leaf-sap mixed with kola nut is given at the time of epileptic fits, and the fruit is used to season the patient’s food. A study on the safety of the Xylopia aethiopica fruit shows it exerts oral toxicity at doses higher than 3000 mg/kg. However, the median lethality dose suggest it may not be safe to consume more than 3000 mg/kg (Akinloye OA et al. 2019) References

BBC Afrique (15 August 2012). "Café Touba, du bonheur plein la tasse" (Reprint) (in French). seneweb.com . Retrieved 1 January 2013. The dry fruits are smoked like tobacco and the smoke inhaled to relieve respiratory ailments. Traditional medical practitioners and birth attendants use a decoction of the seeds to induce placental discharge postpartum due to its abortifacient effect this effect has been confirmed by studies. The crushed seeds are applied topically on the forehead to treat headache and neuralgia. Grains of Selim has anti-spirochetal properties therefore are potentially useful in treating syphilis, yaws and other related diseases. 12. Has Anti-fertility Properties

Individuals with diabetes should always consult with healthcare professionals before incorporating any new remedies into their regimen. 14. Aphrodisiac Properties Grains of Selim can be used whole or ground, depending on the recipe and personal preference. Here are a few ways to prepare Grains of Selim for cooking: It is use as natural contraceptive to control spacing of children by boiling the seeds with only water, take the solution after sexual intercourse. a b Missouri Botanical Garden. "Distributions:Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich". Tropicos.org . Retrieved 1 January 2013. Selim pepper/ grains of Selim/ Guinea pepper seed extracts have cytotoxicity on several cancer cell lines.

The fruit of X. aethiopica is also used as a reliever of pain caused by rheumatic conditions. It is also used as a tonic to improve fertility in women and is an essential ingredient in preparation of local soups to aid new mothers in breastfeeding. The vitamins and minerals found in grains of selimcan assist to maintain healthy skin and delay the signs of aging. Powdered form of root is used externally as a dressing for sores, gingivitis and in the local cancer treatment. Asthma is one of the most common respiratory issues. This herb tends to helps in curing the triggers which encourage these issues and thus reduce the chances of asthma. 10. Fight Malaria

While the potential health benefits of Grains of Selim are intriguing, safety should always come first. Fruits are particularly recommended to women who have newly given birth as a tonic in the Ivory Coast where they are also used as an anthelmintic. In the eastern part of Nigeria, the plant's fruit is an essential ingredient in preparation of local soups to aid new mothers in breastfeeding. In various cultures, these grains are consumed or applied to bring relief from different types of discomfort, be it headaches, muscle aches, or joint pains. Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich, family Annonaceae is a tall, slim, aromatic, evergreen tree that grows to 15–30 m high and 60–70 cm in diameter [ 1]. It is known to naturally grow in the Savanna region of Africa, particularly in Ghana, Nigeria, Cameroon, Ethiopia, and Senegal to name a few.