If you have been unfortunate enough to get permanent marker on a delicate fabric such as silk, a dry cleaner may be a safer port of call than risking rubbing alcohol.

For clothing, this may be the underside of a collar or the inside of a sleeve cuff. Gently apply a small amount of the rubbing alcohol to see if it discolours the fabric. BIC Corporation – Company History". Fundinguniverse.com. Archived from the original on 25 May 2012 . Retrieved 17 August 2011. Mylne, James (2010). "About Ballpoints, & Using Them in Art". Biro Drawing.co.uk. James R. Mylne. Archived from the original on 28 November 2012 . Retrieved 3 June 2012.Finally, China manufactures a ballpoint pen all by itself". washingtonpost.com. 18 January 2017. Archived from the original on 5 November 2017 . Retrieved 21 October 2017. Main article: Ballpoint pen artwork Example of a ballpoint pen work-in-progress – rendering of actor Steve McQueen by artist James Mylne Ballpoint " PENting" by Lennie Mace, Uchuu Neko Parade (2005) ballpoint pen and hardware on paper

The first complete specifications appear to be UK 498997, June 1938 and UK 512218, December 1938; his rather basic Hungarian patent 120037 was dated April 1938." Collingridge, M. R. et al. (2007). "Ink Reservoir Writing Instruments 1905–2005". Transactions of the Newcomen Society 77(1): pp.69–100, p. 80 The International Organization for Standardization has published standards for ball point and roller ball pens:Neither Reynolds' nor Eversharp's ballpoint lived up to consumer expectations in America. Ballpoint pen sales peaked in 1946, and consumer interest subsequently plunged due to market saturation. [10] By the early 1950s the ballpoint boom had subsided and Reynolds' company folded. [1] Honda, Takahiko (April 2011). "New York's Playful Ballpoint Picasso". 「月刊ギャラリー」(Gekkan Gallery Guide). Tokyo: Gallery Station Co., Ltd. 4: 27. Largest ball point pen". Guinness World Records. Archived from the original on 18 December 2016 . Retrieved 14 December 2016. a b "The Difference Between Ballpoint, Gel, and Rollerball Pens | JetPens". www.jetpens.com. Archived from the original on 5 January 2021 . Retrieved 11 February 2021. a b c V. Elaine Smay (1979). "New Designs; Ball-point pen uses erasable ink". Popular Science (July 1979, p. 20). Archived from the original on 4 April 2023 . Retrieved 30 March 2017.

To break down the oil-based or alcohol-based bonds in the permanent marker ink, you need to liberally apply the rubbing alcohol. You want the area to be soaked Fountain pen of the ball point type". United States Patent Office. Archived from the original on 31 March 2017 . Retrieved 30 March 2017– via Google Patents.

Paper Mate pens, among the emerging ballpoint brands of the 1950s, bought the rights to distribute their own ballpoint pens in Canada. [26] Facing concerns about ink-reliability, Paper Mate pioneered new ink formulas and advertised them as "banker-approved". [10] In 1954, Parker Pens released " The Jotter"—the company's first ballpoint—boasting additional features and technological advances which also included the use of tungsten-carbide textured ball-bearings in their pens. [1] In less than a year, Parker sold several million pens at prices between three and nine dollars. [1] In the 1960s, the failing Eversharp Co. sold its pen division to Parker and ultimately folded. [1] Webshark Ltd. – www.webshark.hu. "A porcelán-arany csoda". Herend. Archived from the original on 12 October 2007 . Retrieved 11 September 2010. Tizon, Natalia (2007). Art of Sketching (illustrateded.). New York: Sterling Publishing. p.84. ISBN 9781402744235. OCLC 76951111 . Retrieved 30 March 2017. ISO 12757-2:1998 – Ball point pens and refills – Part 2: Documentary use (DOC)". Iso.org. 12 June 2009. Archived from the original on 25 August 2005 . Retrieved 11 September 2010.

Red ball point fountain pen inks and colorants therefor". United States Patent Office. Archived from the original on 6 May 2016 . Retrieved 30 March 2017– via Google Patents.

ISO 12757-1:1998 – Ball point pens and refills – Part 1: General use". Iso.org. 12 June 2009. Archived from the original on 16 November 2003 . Retrieved 11 September 2010. It is generally believed that because of a ballpoint pen's reliance on gravity to coat the ball with ink, most cannot be used to write upside-down. However, the reason most ballpoint pens on the Earth do not work when writing upside-down is because the Earth's gravity pulls the ink inside the pen away from the tip of the pen, resulting in a bad writing experience. However, in space, the regular ballpoint pens can work upside-down because the microgravity in space is not strong enough to pull the ink away from the tip of the pen and capillary action prevails. [39] The reliability of the regular ballpoint pen was tested in space [40] by Pedro Duque, an ESA astronaut in 2003. ISO 14145-1:1998 – Roller ball pens and refills – Part 1: General use". Iso.org. 12 June 2009. Archived from the original on 26 June 2003 . Retrieved 11 September 2010. a b Genocchio, Benjamin (10 August 2007). "To See the World in Ballpoint Pen". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. OCLC 1645522. Archived from the original on 17 December 2017 . Retrieved 30 March 2017. Bíró's patent, and other early patents on ballpoint pens, often used the term "ball-point fountain pen". [18] [ self-published source?] [19] [20] [21] [22] [23] Postwar proliferation [ edit ] 2018 Parker Jotters are similar to the version that first came out in 1954