Therefore, in conclusion, there are so many different perspectives in psychology to explain the different types of behavior and give different angles. Defense mechanisms are psychological strategies that are unconsciously used to protect a person from anxiety arising from unacceptable thoughts or feelings. For example, in the oedipus complex, aggressive thoughts about the same sex parents are repressed and pushed down into the unconscious. Also, fixation during the anal stage may cause a person to sublimate their desire to handle faeces with an enjoyment of pottery. Repression is an unconscious defense mechanism employed by the ego to keep disturbing or threatening thoughts from becoming conscious.

g., controlled experiments), and that only observable behavior should be studied because this can be objectively measured. In his spare time he is almost as devoted a Spurs fan as he is a husband and father of two daughters.Usually, a reaction formation is marked by exaggerated behavior, such as showiness and compulsiveness. Here are a few common defense mechanisms: There are a large number of defense mechanisms; the main ones are summarized below.

Therefore, correlational findings often need to be followed up by experimental or longitudinal studies to explore potential causal relationships. The cognitive perspective is concerned with “mental” functions such as memory, perception, attention, etc. Without memory, we would be servants of the moment, with nothing but our innate reflexes to help us deal with the world. For example, biological psychologists believe that schizophrenia is affected by levels of dopamine (a neurotransmitter). e. a state of balance or equilibrium achieved by the person when he is able to deal adequately with the data before him.

Gross is the 'bible' for students of Psychology and anyone in related fields such as Counseling, Nursing and Social Work who needs a reliable, catch-all text. Gross is the 'bible' for students of Psychology and anyone in related fields such as Counselling, Nursing and Social Work who needs a reliable, catch-all text. Despite that, it's a fantastic book for anyone with a serious interest in psychology, I strongly recommend it.

Time must also be taken into account, as what is considered abnormal at one time in one culture may be normal at another time, even in the same culture. Gupta and Singh (1982) found that couples in Jaipur, India, who married for love reported diminished feelings of love if they'd been married for more than five years. His other best-selling books include Themes, Issues and Debates in Psychology, Key Studies in Psychology, AQA(A) Psychology for A2 and Psychology for Nurses and Allied Health Professionals.Seriously out of all the books I purchased this one has been dragged out for nearly every assignment that I have done! A strength of this approach is that it can explain behaviors that appear dysfunctional, such as anorexia, or behaviors that make little sense in a modern context, such as our biological stress response when finding out we are overdrawn at the bank. During this stage little boys experience the “ Oedipus complex“, and little girls experience the “ Electra complex. An attempt to understand and explain how the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors of individuals are influenced by the actual, imagined, or implied presence of others.