IEC designation numbers indicate the physical dimensions of the cylindrical cell. Cells less than one centimeter in height are assigned four-digit numbers, where the first two digits are the diameter in millimeters, while the last two digits are the height in tenths of millimeters. Taller cells are assigned five-digit numbers, where the first two digits are the diameter in millimeters, followed by the last three digits indicating the height in tenths of millimeters. These types are associated with legacy applications, such as for vacuum tube equipment (A, B, and Cbatteries), or are no longer manufactured. In Switzerland as of 2008 [update], these batteries accounted for 16% of lithium camera battery sales. [75]

This battery, introduced in 1901, was very common in continental Europe until the 1970s. It usually contains three B cells in series. Allan, Steve (17 December 2018). "Kentli Batteries [review]". YouTube. Archived from the original on 21 December 2021 . Retrieved 11 October 2019. Primary lithium batteries have the lowest self-discharge rate hence the longest available shelf time, up to 10 years, and in temperatures up to 70. The first letter in the IEC standard system identifies the battery’s chemical composition. C is for lithium metal batteries (as CR2032). The characteristics that make lithium an exceptional electrode material for high energy density batteries include low electrode potential and very high conductivity. It is soft and malleable and can be extruded into thin foils. Used in keychain LED flashlights, and in some digital cameras to keep the time and date function running even when the main battery is taken out of the camera. [147] [148] Batteries gradually self-discharge even if not connected and delivering current. This is due to non-current-producing “side” chemical reactions that occur within the cell even when no load is applied.

Lithium Ion UR14650 Datasheet" (PDF). Omnitron.cz. Panasonic. June 2016 . Retrieved 26 September 2019. In Switzerland as of 2008 [update], 4.5-volt batteries account for only 1% of primary battery sales. [89]

Absatzzahlen 2008" (PDF). inobat.ch. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 March 2012 . Retrieved 21 April 2018. In general, lithium metal batteries, such as the CR2 battery, have a very high energy density, double that of premium alkaline batteries. They also have high cell voltage, flat discharge characteristic, low self-discharge, a very long operating life (15 to 20 years for lithium thionyl chloride), and a wide operating temperature range ( -60 ° C to +85 ° C for lithium-sulfur dioxide), excellent durability, and small cell size. Frequently used in digital watches. Often used in pairs instead of CR2032 for devices that require more than 3V, like blue/white LED flashlights.a b c "HDS Systems: Frequently Asked Questions – Answers to questions about our flashlights and technologies". Hdslights.com. 13 August 2005. Archived from the original on 17 October 2013 . Retrieved 23 February 2015. Batteries and Battery Replacements m.csbatteries.com› 350-battery-344". CS Batteries. Archived from the original on 7 April 2017 . Retrieved 6 April 2017. FastTech 25500 3.7V 5500mAh Rechargeable Lithium Battery". FastTech. Archived from the original on 23 September 2019 . Retrieved 22 September 2019. Used in small RF devices such as key fob-style garage door openers, wireless doorbells, and keyless entry systems where only infrequent pulse current is used.

NEC Energy Solutions Battery Modules". Buya123batteries.com. 27 January 2015. Archived from the original on 26 May 2015 . Retrieved 23 February 2015. This battery typically had two snap connectors; however, four [ clarification needed] connector versions are available. They were spaced 35mm ( 1 + 3⁄ 8in) apart. This type of battery is sometimes used in electric fencing applications.Tesla Gigafactory tour roundup and tidbits: 'This is the coolest factory in the world' ". 28 July 2016. Archived from the original on 17 September 2016 . Retrieved 29 July 2016.