Standard 35mm photographic film used for cinema projection has a much higher image resolution than HDTV systems, and is exposed and projected at a rate of 24 frames per second (frame/s). To be shown on standard television, in PAL-system countries, cinema film is scanned at the TV rate of 25 frame/s, causing a speedup of 4.1 percent, which is generally considered acceptable. In NTSC-system countries, the TV scan rate of 30 frame/s would cause a perceptible speedup if the same were attempted, and the necessary correction is performed by a technique called 3:2 pulldown: Over each successive pair of film frames, one is held for three video fields (1/20 of a second) and the next is held for two video fields (1/30 of a second), giving a total time for the two frames of 1/12 of a second and thus achieving the correct average film frame rate. Typically a PC resolution ( XGA); also a native resolution on many entry-level plasma displays with non-square pixels. Standard HDTV resolution and a typical PC resolution ( WXGA), frequently used by high-end video projectors; also used for 750-line video, as defined in SMPTE 296M, ATSC A/53, ITU-R BT.1543.

The first regular broadcasts started on January 1, 2004, when the Belgian company Euro1080 launched the HD1 channel with the traditional Vienna New Year's Concert. Test transmissions had been active since the IBC exhibition in September 2003, but the New Year's Day broadcast marked the official launch of the HD1 channel, and the official start of direct-to-home HDTV in Europe. [46] DVB created first the standard for DVB-S digital satellite TV, DVB-C digital cable TV and DVB-T digital terrestrial TV. These broadcasting systems can be used for both SDTV and HDTV. In the US the Grand Alliance proposed ATSC as the new standard for SDTV and HDTV. Both ATSC and DVB were based on the MPEG-2 standard, although DVB systems may also be used to transmit video using the newer and more efficient H.264/MPEG-4 AVC compression standards. Common for all DVB standards is the use of highly efficient modulation techniques for further reducing bandwidth, and foremost for reducing receiver-hardware and antenna requirements. [ citation needed] Time travel, child abduction, disappearance, nuclear power, and conspiracy are some of the topics explored in the science fiction program "Dark." Netflix's first German-language original series has received much praise and has proven to be a worthy rival to "Stranger Things." The third season of the somber, intriguing, ever-twisting series continued to develop unforeseen linkages between the fictitious Winden's families, relationships, and time—perhaps the major figure. If all three parameters are used, they are specified in the following form: [frame size][scanning system][frame or field rate] or [frame size]/[frame or field rate][scanning system]. [50] Often, frame size or frame rate can be dropped if its value is implied from context. In this case, the remaining numeric parameter is specified first, followed by the scanning system. [ citation needed]Moiraine, a member of the Aes Sedai, a mystical, all-female society, takes five young people from their little hamlet on a risky quest. She believes that one of them is a strong kid who, as the Dragon's reincarnation, has been granted prophecy powers that might rescue the planet (or destroy it). The program, based on the Robert Jordan novel series of the same name, was renewed for a second season ahead of the release of the first, with the spectacular graphics and intense action one would expect from a show in the epic fantasy genre. Hart, Jeffrey A. (5 February 2004). Technology, Television, and Competition: The Politics of Digital TV. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781139442244– via Google Books. High Definition Television: The Creation, Development and Implementation of HDTV Technology by Philip J. Cianci (McFarland & Company, 2012) Digital Transmission Content Protection White Paper" (PDF). 1998-07-14. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-06-16 . Retrieved 2006-06-20. Cianci, Philip J. (2014-01-10). High Definition Television: The Creation, Development and Implementation of HDTV Technology. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-7864-8797-4.

Researchers Craft HDTV's Successor". 2007-05-28. Archived from the original on 2008-04-30 . Retrieved 2007-05-29. Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for the use of Video and Audio Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream" (PDF). ETSI. 2012 . Retrieved 2017-05-19. In the US, residents in the line of sight of television station broadcast antennas can receive free, over-the-air programming with a television set with an ATSC tuner via a TV aerial. Laws prohibit homeowners' associations and city government from banning the installation of antennas. [ citation needed] These first European HDTV broadcasts used the 1080i format with MPEG-2 compression on a DVB-S signal from SES's Astra 1H satellite. Euro1080 transmissions later changed to MPEG-4/AVC compression on a DVB-S2 signal in line with subsequent broadcast channels in Europe. [ citation needed] The optimum format for a broadcast depends upon the type of videographic recording medium used and the image's characteristics. For best fidelity to the source, the transmitted field ratio, lines, and frame rate should match those of the source.In 1986, the European Community proposed HD-MAC, an analog HDTV system with 1,152 lines. A public demonstration took place for the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona. However HD-MAC was scrapped in 1993 and the Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB) project was formed, which would foresee development of a digital HDTV standard. [9] Japan [ edit ] Several systems were proposed as the new standard for the US, including the Japanese MUSE system, but all were rejected by the FCC because of their higher bandwidth requirements. At this time, the number of television channels was growing rapidly and bandwidth was already a problem. A new standard had to be more efficient, needing less bandwidth for HDTV than the existing NTSC.

Reimers, Ulrich (11 August 2018). DVB: The Family of International Standards for Digital Video Broadcasting. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9783540435457– via Google Books. Color broadcasts started at similar line counts, first with the US NTSC color system in 1953, which was compatible with the earlier monochrome systems and therefore had the same 525 lines per frame. European standards did not follow until the 1960s, when the PAL and SECAM color systems were added to the monochrome 625-line broadcasts. Webfactory www.webfactory.ie. "History of the DVB Project". Dvb.org. Archived from the original on 2009-12-18 . Retrieved 2013-03-11. In 1949, France started its transmissions with an 819 lines system (with 737 active lines). The system was monochrome only and was used only on VHF for the first French TV channel. It was discontinued in 1983. BBC- History of the BBC- First regular hi-definition television service". 1936-11-02. Archived from the original on 2023-04-05 . Retrieved 2023-04-04.HBO’s Chernobyl is best described as a historical disaster. The miniseries depicts the Soviet Union's Chernobyl accident in 1986 and the ensuing inquiry into how it occurred. This show is not for the faint of heart, since it depicts the most horrible elements of radiation illness. Valery Legasov, one of the key investigators who directly monitors the Chernobyl cleaning activities, is played by Jared Harris, who leads the ensemble cast. Valery must pay a great personal cost as Chernobyl left no one unaffected. Frame size in pixels is defined as number of horizontal pixels × number of vertical pixels, for example 1280×720 or 1920×1080. Often the number of horizontal pixels is implied from context and is omitted, as in the case of 720p and 1080p. Cianci, Philip J. (10 January 2013). High Definition Television: The Creation, Development and Implementation of HDTV Technology. McFarland. ISBN 9780786487974– via Google Books.

It was television magic when Joey, Rachel, Ross, Monica, Chandler, and Phoebe—played by Matt LeBlanc, Jennifer Aniston, David Schwimmer, Courteney Cox, Matthew Perry, and Lisa Kudrow—got together in "Friends." The program received 62 Primetime Emmy nominations and won the Outstanding Comedy Series in 2002, making it one of the most successful comedies of all time. It launched the careers of all of its cast members in television and movies, as well as the short-lived spinoff "Joey". A long-awaited "Friends" reunion special which star the original cast broadcast on HBO Max in 2021. Ahmed, Nasir (January 1991). "How I Came Up With the Discrete Cosine Transform". Digital Signal Processing. 1 (1): 4–5. doi: 10.1016/1051-2004(91)90086-Z. Archived from the original on 2016-06-10 . Retrieved 2019-10-13. a b Albiniak, Paige (1998-11-02). "HDTV: Launched and Counting". Broadcasting and cable. BNET. Archived from the original on 2014-09-24 . Retrieved 2008-10-24. At a minimum, HDTV has twice the linear resolution of standard-definition television (SDTV), thus showing greater detail than either analog television or regular DVD. The technical standards for broadcasting HDTV also handle the 16:9 aspect ratio images without using letterboxing or anamorphic stretching, thus increasing the effective image resolution. LG60 LCD HDTV Series (Sizes: 32-, 37-, 42-, 47- and 52-inch)– LG’s thin LG60 LCD HDTV Series has all the features and functionalities of the LGX LCD HDTV Super Slim model (see above).

Smith, Kevin (3 August 2012). "10 Game-Changing Pieces of Tech From The 2000s". Archived from the original on 27 May 2018 . Retrieved 26 May 2018. Scanning system is identified with the letter p for progressive scanning or i for interlaced scanning. a b c d e f g Barbero, M.; Hofmann, H.; Wells, N. D. (14 November 1991). "DCT source coding and current implementations for HDTV". EBU Technical Review. European Broadcasting Union (251): 22–33. Archived from the original on 4 November 2019 . Retrieved 4 November 2019.