Different species of owls produce different sounds; this distribution of calls aids owls in finding mates or announcing their presence to potential competitors, and also aids ornithologists and birders in locating these birds and distinguishing species. As noted above, their facial discs help owls to funnel the sound of prey to their ears. In many species, these discs are placed asymmetrically, for better directional location. Mayr, Gerald (2005). " "Old World phorusrhacids" (Aves, Phorusrhacidae): a new look at Strigogyps (" Aenigmavis") sapea (Peters 1987)". PaleoBios. 25 (1): 11–16. People often allude to the reputation of owls as bearers of supernatural danger when they tell misbehaving children, "the owls will get you", [66] and in most Native American folklore, owls are a symbol of death.

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Braun, E.L. & Kimball, R.T. (2021) Data types and the phylogeny of Neoaves. Birds, 2(1), 1-22; https://doi.org/10.3390/birds2010001 Webster, Douglas B.; Fay, Richard R. (6 December 2012). "Hearing in Birds". The Evolutionary Biology of Hearing. Springer Science & Business Media. p.547. ISBN 978-1-4612-2784-7. A group of owls is called a "parliament". [3] Anatomy Burrowing owl ( Athene cunicularia) Cross-eyed owl The Aztecs and the Maya, along with other natives of Mesoamerica, considered the owl a symbol of death and destruction. In fact, the Aztec god of death, Mictlantecuhtli, was often depicted with owls. [70] There is an old saying in Mexico that is still in use: [71] Cuando el tecolote canta, el indio muere ("When the owl cries/sings, the Indian dies"). The Popol Vuh, a Mayan religious text, describes owls as messengers of Xibalba (the Mayan "Place of Fright"). [72] Strigidae A long-eared owl ( Asio otus) in an erect pose The laughing owl ( Ninox albifacies), last seen in 1914Heinrich, Bernd (1987): One Man's Owl. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-08470-1. OCLC 15486687. Sibley, Charles Gald& Monroe, Burt L. Jr. (1990): Distribution and taxonomy of the birds of the world: A Study in Molecular Evolution. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT. ISBN 0-300-04969-2 Cuando el tecolote canta, el indio muere". La Cronica. 27 July 2008. Archived from the original on 3 September 2010. {{ cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown ( link)

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a b Krüger, Oliver (September 2005). "The evolution of reversed sexual size dimorphism in hawks, falcons and owls: a comparative study" (PDF). Evolutionary Ecology. 19 (5): 467–486. doi: 10.1007/s10682-005-0293-9. S2CID 22181702. For fossil species and paleosubspecies of extant taxa, see the genus and species articles. For a full list of extant and recently extinct owls, see the article List of owl species. Most owls share an innate ability to fly almost silently and also more slowly in comparison to other birds of prey. Most owls live a mainly nocturnal lifestyle and being able to fly without making any noise gives them a strong advantage over prey alert to the slightest sound in the night. A silent, slow flight is not as necessary for diurnal and crepuscular owls given that prey can usually see an owl approaching. Owls' feathers are generally larger than the average birds' feathers, have fewer radiates, longer pennulum, and achieve smooth edges with different rachis structures. [18] Serrated edges along the owl's remiges bring the flapping of the wing down to a nearly silent mechanism. The serrations are more likely reducing aerodynamic disturbances, rather than simply reducing noise. [19] The surface of the flight feathers is covered with a velvety structure that absorbs the sound of the wing moving. These unique structures reduce noise frequencies above 2kHz, [20] making the sound level emitted drop below the typical hearing spectrum of the owl's usual prey [20] [21] and also within the owl's own best hearing range. [22] [23] This optimizes the owl's ability to silently fly to capture prey without the prey hearing the owl first as it flies, and to hear any noise the prey makes. It also allows the owl to monitor the sound output from its flight pattern. Genus Tyto – the barn owls, grass owls, and masked owls, stand up to 500mm (20in) tall; some 15 extant species and possibly one recently extinctThe smallest owl—weighing as little as 1 + 3⁄ 32oz) and measuring some 13.5cm ( 5 + 1⁄ 4in)—is the elf owl ( Micrathene whitneyi). [6] Around the same diminutive length, although slightly heavier, are the lesser known long-whiskered owlet ( Xenoglaux loweryi) and Tamaulipas pygmy owl ( Glaucidium sanchezi). [6] The largest owls are two similarly sized eagle owls; the Eurasian eagle-owl ( Bubo bubo) and Blakiston's fish owl ( Bubo blakistoni). The largest females of these species are 71cm (28in) long, have a 190cm (75in) wing span, and weigh 4.2kg ( 9 + 1⁄ 4lb). [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] Ghauri, Pervez; Cateora, Philip (16 August 2021). EBOOK: International Marketing, 5e. McGraw Hill. ISBN 978-1-5268-4860-4.