Etchison, D., Milburn, S. C., Edery, I., Sonenberg, N. & Hershey, J. W. Inhibition of HeLa cell protein synthesis following poliovirus infection correlates with the proteolysis of a 220,000-dalton polypeptide associated with eucaryotic initiation factor 3 and a cap binding protein complex. J. Biol. Chem. 257, 14806–14810 (1982). That is why BHS exists today…to provide an elite level of care your employees will not have access to unless provided by their employer. There is very slow (almost zero) adoption of these treatments in the healthcare system although it appears intuitive that a low cost and noninvasive option would benefit so many. Our results are simply amazing with 98% of employees reporting more than a 50% reduction in pain associated with their MSKs. 79% of MSKs are resolved without the need to go to a doctors’ office for another type of treatment. That is not just a huge savings in medical and/or workers’ compensation costs, but also time savings. The employer and office become the solution for the employees’ pains resulting in an overall higher quality of life and more productive employees. Bignone, P. A. et al. RPS6KA2, a putative tumour suppressor gene at 6q27 in sporadic epithelial ovarian cancer. Oncogene 26, 683–700 (2007). Ranganathan, A., Pearson, G. W., Chrestensen, C. A., Sturgill, T. W. & Cobb, M. H. The MAP kinase ERK5 binds to and phosphorylates p90 RSK. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 449, 8–16 (2006). Newton, A. C. Regulation of the ABC kinases by phosphorylation: protein kinase C as a paradigm. Biochem. J. 370, 361–371 (2003).

Our initial study generated a sample of 64 FSKs who committed their crimes in the United States from 1821 to 2008. That might not seem like a large sample for the social sciences, and indeed, at times the data were too scarce for meaningful statistical analyses. But serial murder is rare. It may be the case that only 2% of murders are committed by serial killers. 29 Using this estimate and taking one-sixth of that to be female-perpetrated, this leaves us 0.3% of all murderers to study. One would have to peruse about 20,000 murder cases to find a sample size of 64 FSKs. 30

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It is difficult to interpret Toppan’s general insanity diagnosis through the lens of modern psychology, but it seems that mental health experts of the time believed Jane had lost touch with reality. One physician said that Jane also grew increasingly suspicious over time. An expert who examined Toppan told The Boston Post that hers was “one of the strangest cases of diseased mind he had ever seen.” 57 While not diagnosing her, Toppan’s symptoms may be indicative of schizophrenia, although the term and diagnosis were not introduced until after her assessment. She had reportedly lost touch with reality; expressed bizarre behavior (including kissing a dying patient experiencing a death rattle); 58 had an inappropriate affect (she liked autopsies and said that being in jail was the happiest she had ever been); 59 suffered from memory impairment (she told her lawyer that, at times, she had “great difficulty” remembering what she had done); 60 and experienced delusions of grandeur. Further, schizophrenia has a substantial genetic basis and is thus seen in siblings, 61 and Toppan’s sister (unnamed) was also committed to an insane asylum. 62 Nevertheless, Toppan is no longer around to interview and assess. At the age of 61, Puente was charged with murdering nine people. 11 She had fled as soon as the first body was found, but was soon captured. 12 Upon her arrest, she told authorities, “I used to be a very good person at one time.” William Harder, who claimed to be Puente’s grandson, corroborated her assertion. He said that Puente had not always been bad. 13 What are the key elements of a well-designed MSK program starting with a prevention focus?: 1. Assessment is the keystone to success of an MSK wellness program. Ghoda, L., Lin, X. & Greene, W. C. The 90-kDa ribosomal S6 kinase (pp90rsk) phosphorylates the N-terminal regulatory domain of IκBα and stimulates its degradation in vitro. J. Biol. Chem. 272, 21281–21288 (1997). Unfortunately, this is not as simple as a one size fits all program. Prevention programs must be customized to the actively level and mobility health of the individual taking into consideration their specific risk factors at work, home, and extra curricular. We have witnessed many (well-intended) stretching programs lead to injuries if not purposefully designed and moderated. Unfortunately, the wellness industry is saturated with these types of one size fits all programs with lofty claims of preventing injuries.

Fingar, D. C. & Blenis, J. Target of rapamycin (TOR): an integrator of nutrient and growth factor signals and coordinator of cell growth and cell cycle progression. Oncogene 23, 3151–3171 (2004).Employers project health plan costs will rise 5.3% for 2021 ( Society for Human Resource Management (SHRM))

The primary obstacles to obtaining results are 1. user acceptance/adoption and 2. accountability. We have experienced much higher adoption when digital solutions are paired with in-person provider treatments and follow-ups. There have been similar results for less serious MSKs with telehealth provider There are the obvious advantages to being able to reach employees wherever they are without the need for an in-person interaction. These solutions can be highly effective in resolving minor acute MSK conditions and in a lot of cases in reducing chronic pain caused by older conditions. Jones, S. W., Erikson, E., Blenis, J., Maller, J. L. & Erikson, R. L. A Xenopus ribosomal protein S6 kinase has two apparent kinase domains that are each similar to distinct protein kinases. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 85, 3377–3381 (1988). Reported the compound nature of the kinase RSK for the first time and showed that RSK contains two apparent kinase domains, each similar to distinct protein kinases. It also reported that RSK has homology to other members of the AGC family of protein kinases. Murphy, L. O., Smith, S., Chen, R. H., Fingar, D. C. & Blenis, J. Molecular interpretation of ERK signal duration by immediate early gene products. Nature Cell Biol. 4, 556–564 (2002).While U.S. companies experience the side effects of MSKs through costs of their benefits spend and productivity, it is the individual employee who feels the physical and mental pain and reduced quality of life from MSKs. Arthur, J. S. & Cohen, P. MSK1 is required for CREB phosphorylation in response to mitogens in mouse embryonic stem cells. FEBS Lett. 482, 44–48 (2000). Digital Solutions in MSK care are not new; however, have seen a great insurgence in market share due to the COVID-19 pandemic For this study, we only included verified FSKs, electing not to include suspected killers. We also did not include FSKs who committed their crimes with a partner, as we were interested in the psychology of the lone offender, and it would be difficult to parse each case and attribute motives and behaviors properly to each member of a pair. Notably, however, previous research has illuminated intriguing variations between lone killers and partnered killers. For example, partnered serial killers are less likely to be mentally ill but are more likely to engage in brutality such as kidnapping and using victims as sex slaves. Furthermore, women who were part of a serial killer pair were shown to have had more tumultuous upbringings than did FSKs who acted alone. 33