This was easily the best course I have been to in relation to supporting my son. Whilst it is primarily about using PECS it did cover other strategies that have been incredibly helpful. Parents get a cheaper rate to attend so it is worth asking about the price. Attendees also get the PECS manual included which I regularly refer to even now 3 years later. 1-1 Consultation

Copper-alloy mounts were often fixed to medieval and post-medieval book covers to decorate and protect the covers. Most are recognised from their convex domed centres, which prevented the leather of the covers from being rubbed and damaged. Surviving domed mounts still in place on books can be in the centre of each cover, at the corners, or both. Book clasps found in archaeological contexts seem to cluster in the late 14th and 15th centuries in London ( Egan 1998, 277-80) and in early to mid 16th-century contexts elsewhere ( Howsam 2016, 24-26). Howsam points out that many old books were destroyed at the Reformation, leading many old book fittings to be found in 16th-century contexts. The date of the context is not the same as the date of manufacture of the book fitting. Type B.3 has a lozengiform plate. Although Howsam does not include any lozengiform plates with domes, we have a few on the PAS database. We also have some pointed-oval plates with domes, which perhaps fit best into type B.3.Type A.8 clasps are made of a single piece of sheet metal folded in half. Most have a gap at the fold which forms the side-to-side perforation, and holes to fit over the peg. Type A.8.1 resembles Type A.7 above, but has the addition of the loop at the fold. Type A.8.4 has a rounded lobe with a dome over the perforation. Book clasps of Howsam type A.8. On the left are two examples of type A.8.1 ( IOW-2BF565 and SUR-FCC344). On the right are two examples of type A.8.4 ( BH-0DDF66 and NMS-9BD911). The universe of discourse for this work is a tad vague at first glance. The blurb gives the impression that it might be about boy soldiers the world over. And, goodness knows, there are still plenty of them fighting terrible wars in awful places like Africa and the Middle East. Use mount in the classification field and, if you can, add the Howsam type to the sub-classification field, for example Howsam type B.1.2. Date Use BOOK FITTING, as this is the only option offered in the MDA object type thesaurus. PAS object classification and sub-classifications to be used Items currently tentatively identified as later post-medieval book clasps are generally dated by their decoration. All so far identified fasten using hooks. Below is an eclectic collection of things that have been identified as 17th- to 19th-century book clasps. Objects that have been suggested as later post-medieval book clasps. Top left, DENO-7678B3; note the Gothic initials E W, which probably date it to the 19th century. Bottom left, SOM-909472. Centre left, NLM-4F2825. Centre right, LON-63D127 (above), PUBLIC-D033C8 (below), which has the initials WN in a curving, 18th- or 19th-century script. Compare PUBLIC-D033C8 to LEIC-ACBA86, which is attached to a binding strip. Right, LEIC-F82DD1, which is dated 1717.

A group of enigmatic strap fittings have been identified by Howsam as mounts from bookmarks attached to bookbindings, and allocated to her type B.7 ( Howsam 2016, 112-115). These are like strap-ends, but with a small notch or hole at the centre of their closed end; on some, a separate wire loop survives within this hole. None is known still in place on a medieval bookbinding, and there is little evidence for the precise function of these items. Square mounts also come in flanged and tabbed varieties. The flanged type (B.1.3) can have either a square or a circular dome. The tabbed type (B.1.4) has a square dome. Square book mounts. Left, two examples of type B.1.3 with flange. Above, circular dome ( WAW-E7D470); below, square dome ( DENO-0E6346, not certainly from a book). Right, two examples of type B.1.4 with tabs. Above, DOR-3F00F1; below, with square dome in the shape of an animal head, SUSS-CBF7E7. Chapters 5 and 6 of the book concentrate on the decline of CP, setting the stage for its eventual abolition at different times in different places,for which the author has found many detailed references; and finally leading to the Supreme Court's 2004 decision which outlawed it nationwide, though by then the number of districts still using it was very small. Along the way we even visit the question of judicial corporal punishment, abolished in Canada in 1972. This has some relevance because the author is able to show by reference to numerous countries that the abolition of judicial CP always precedes the abolition of school CP, which in turn invariably comes before the possible banning of parental (domestic) CP.Howsam’s examples are long and narrow, and look like 14th-century strap-ends but have the sides and front made in one piece. There is only one good parallel to these on the PAS database, at PUBLIC-312387. A simple type of pierced clasp has sometimes in the past been published as a belt mount. This is formed of two rectangular plates attached to each other generally by two or four rivets and both perforated centrally to fit over the peg. Howsam notes that they are often decorated along their edges with cusps, notches and apertures ( Howsam 2016, 37). For that very reason there are also fakes and forgeries around, and a section of the book warns against these and how to tell the real thing from the fraudulent impostor. After your PODD books are assembled and comfortable, go show the teams how they are used. I have found it is so important not just to observe, but to join in the modeling. This is a new language system and it can be intimidating to get started. Modeling in the classroom reminds everyone that we can “talk PODD” anytime. This type has an integral hollow attachment plate. Howsam sub-divides it into two types; A.9.1 with a dome over the perforation, and A.9.2 with a lozenge.

Meanwhile, in Chico, Calif., something very similar was happening. Another outdoor enthusiast, Gary Kirk, joined forces with another expert seamstress, Marcia Briggs.

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Murray was dating this girl named Jan Lewis, and she had a home sewing machine," Yowell recalled recently. She also had a teaching degree, but there were too many teachers in Seattle at the time. They brought her aboard as a partner. Objects that look like over-the-peg clasps, with pierced terminals but with rectangular or T-shaped slots instead of central circular holes, are from boxes (or caskets, coffrets, chasses etc). See DENO-392CC4 for an example. Type A.3 is the commonest type of medieval book clasp. It is made from a long thin strip of copper-alloy sheet, with one end flared and shaped and the other end hooked. The metal appears brassy and has often corroded to a reddish brown. They are often decorated with longitudinal grooves, circular perforations, stamps and ring-and-dot motifs. A selection of book clasps of type A.3. Left to right: FAKL-9EC55F, SWYOR-A411C7, KENT-E363E8, ESS-C923A9, WILT-CB74F6.

This type appears to be the earliest type of hooked book clasp, perhaps dating to the 14th or 15th centuries. A.4.1 is a simple rectangular plate, but A.4.2 retains a small separately made pierced lug on the top. This would probably have been used with a cord or ring, to help in removing the clasp and opening the book.Briefly, he argues that JCP can be justified on the grounds that society requires offenders to be punished as well as reformed, and that prison does neither properly, as well as costing the taxpayer a fortune. Here’s my newest method for making PODD books portable, wearable, and comfortable – it the best I’ve come up with so far: Our new Large Communication Book for my 3 year old is red, my eldest has two identical blue books for home and school. We are hoping that they will get used to having different colours and recognise they have one each. Whilst many of the PECS cards are the same, the boys have very different preferences especially with food. As my youngest is getting better at communicating those preferences the cards needed in his book are changing.