Ginger: Ginger is used widely in alternative medicine for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. A study in 2014 found that daily ginger extract supplementation in mice stimulated the production of sperm after 22 days compared to a control group. Other studies found that ginger extracts reduced male infertility in rats.

Yi-Te Lai; Jiun-Hong Chen (2010). 臺灣蛭類動物志: Leech Fauna of Taiwan-Biota Taiwanica (in Chinese). 國立臺灣大學出版中心. p.89. ISBN 978-986-02-2760-4.There is conflicting evidence as to whether an anesthetic is secreted by H. medicinalis.( Baskova 1992, Rados 2004, Whitaker 2004) Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)−like properties have been detected in the Theromyzon tessulatum leech via an identified soluble enzyme named T. tessulatum ACE ( TtACE).( Rivière 2004) Peptides with antimicrobial properties have also been identified.( Salzet 2005) Payton, Brian (1981). Muller, Kenneth; Nicholls, John; Stent, Gunther (eds.). Neurobiology of the Leech. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory. pp.35–50. ISBN 978-0-87969-146-2.

Hong B, et al. (2002). A double-blind crossover study evaluating the efficacy of Korean red ginseng in patients with erectile dysfunction: A preliminary report. Siddall, Mark; Borda, Liz; Burreson, Gene; etal. "Blood Lust II". Laboratory of Phylohirudinology, American Museum of Natural History. Archived from the original on 7 June 2020 . Retrieved 15 December 2013. So as you can see Singh (2011). "Efficacy of leech therapy in the management of osteoarthritis (Sandhivata)". Ayu. 32 (2): 213–217. doi: 10.4103/0974-8520.92589. PMC 3296343. PMID 22408305.A pilot study (N=3) assessed benefit of hirudotherapy for treatment of nonhealing wounds. Both pain relief and healing of wounds were significant after as few as 2 applications.( Nair 2020) Dosing If you find an oil that is intended for use on the penis and your doctor clears you to use an oil on your penis, do a patch test. To do this: Leeches have between two and ten pigment spot ocelli, arranged in pairs towards the front of the body. There are also sensory papillae arranged in a lateral row in one annulation of each segment. Each papilla contains many sensory cells. Some rhynchobdellids have the ability to change colour dramatically by moving pigment in chromatophore cells; this process is under the control of the nervous system but its function is unclear as the change in hue seems unrelated to the colour of the surroundings. [42]