Allow it to steep for about 10–12 minutes. Remove from the stove, strain if needed and pour yourself a cup. Then add some local, organic honey if desired. Try this at any time when you may feel anxious or at night before bed. Risks and Side Effects Passion flower is available in various formulations such as dried extracts, liquid extracts, tinctures, and teas. Passion flower is also used in creams, lotions, soaps, and cosmetics, and as flavoring in foods and beverages. Suggested uses of passion flower include:

Serious heart symptoms include fast or pounding heartbeats, fluttering in your chest, shortness of breath, and sudden dizziness; A small study with 36 patients with general anxiety over a 28-day period demonstrated that the use of passionflower extract (45 drops/day) is as effective as oxazepam (30 mg/day) [ 93]. The same research group evaluated the effect of P. incarnata extract (60 drops) associated with clonidine (0.8 mg) in opiate addicts undergoing withdrawal [ 94]. In the study with 65 patients, the authors concluded that the daily administration of the combination over 14 days was better than only clonidine at 0.8 mg/day. Anxiety Symptoms - Akhondzadeh S, Naghavi HR, Vazirian M, Shayeganpour A, Rashidi H, Khani M Passionflower in the treatment of generalized anxiety: a pilot double-blind randomized controlled trial with oxazepam. J Clin Pharm Ther. (2001-Oct)Within homeopathy, Passiflora Incarnate (Passi.) is used in mother tincture and potencies to relieve types of insomnia, and for its quieting and antispasmodic effect on the nervous system. It’s been clinically useful during types of whooping cough, puerperal fever, morphine withdrawal, and delirium tremens from alcohol withdrawal when spasmodic effects have been present. Benzodiazepines: Passion flower may enhance the adverse/toxic effect of benzodiazepines. Monitor therapy.( Akhondzadeh 2001, Appel 2011, Carrasco 2009, Khom 2007) Adverse Reactions Movafegh A, Alizadeh R, Hajimohamadi F, Esfehani F, Nejatfar M. Preoperative oral Passiflora incarnata reduces anxiety in ambulatory surgery patients: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Anesth Analg 2008;106:1728-32. View abstract.

Anxiety Symptoms - Dantas LP, de Oliveira-Ribeiro A, de Almeida-Souza LM, Groppo FC Effects of passiflora incarnata and midazolam for control of anxiety in patients undergoing dental extraction. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal. (2017-Jan-01) The effect of P. incarnata on sleep quality was studied in a double-blind study with 41 volunteers [ 98]. Over a 7-day period, the volunteers received placebo (dried parsley infusion) or a P. incarnata infusion prepared with teabags containing 2 g of aerial parts and 250 mL of boiling water during 10 min. The overnight polysomnography on the last night of the treatment indicated a significant increase of 5.2% of the sleep quality, but no significant effect on total sleep time and nocturnal awakenings. Information on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination, and toxicity (ADMET) of a drug in the human body is of great importance for the characterization of a drug formulation regarding the treatment of a certain disease and its safety for the patient [ 80, 81]. Knowledge of ADMET properties is usual for synthetic drugs; however, when the universe of substances present is expanded, such as in the case of products from plant species, there is a reduced level of information about these properties [ 80– 82]. This article was based on a literature search into the widespread use of the main species of the genus Passiflora and their main secondary metabolites to treat anxiety. The search covered pharmacological studies, patents, and registered products that were focused on the promising Brazilian market. This report about Passiflora herbal medicinal products comprises eight sections: Passiflora genus (Passifloraceae); chemical constituents; mechanism of anxiolytic action; Passiflora extract: standardization and chemical marker; pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and safety; patents and intellectual property in Brazil; registered medicines containing Passiflora in Brazil; and patents and registered products containing Passiflora outside Brazil. 2. Methods The alternative to deal with these peculiarities related to herbal medicines is the determination of ADMET properties of pure constituents of the formulation, through in vitro tests, for example, Caco-2 cells, human liver microsomes, and cultured human hepatocytes [ 80]. In this context, the ADMET properties of the flavonoids iso-orientin, isovitexin, luteolin, apigenin, and kaempferol present in P. incarnata have been described in the literature [ 80, 83, 84].Ozturk Z, Kalayci CC. Pregnancy outcomes in psychiatric patients treated with passiflora incarnata. Complement Ther Med. 2018 Feb;36:30-32. View abstract. Speroni E., Minghetti A. Neuropharmacological activity of extracts from Passiflora incarnata. Planta Med. 1988;54:488-91. View abstract. Aslanargun P, Cuvas O, Dikmen B, Aslan E, Yuksel MU. Passiflora incarnata Linneaus as an anxiolytic before spinal anesthesia. J Anesth 2012;26(1):39-44. View abstract. The most effective dose and frequency for passionflower have yet to be established. Manufacturers frequently do not specify the purity and concentration of passionflower supplements, contributing to uncertainty regarding recommended strength, frequency, and dosing. There are currently no generally accepted dosage guidelines for passionflower. However, a range of dosing has been used in different clinical studies and may be used for reference. Dosing for capsules and tablets ranges from 500–1200 mg per day. [1] [2] [3] For liquid extracts, dosages typically range from 30–60 drops diluted in water per day. [4] [5] [6]