Baltes, P. B., & Staudinger, U. M. (2000). Wisdom: A metaheuristic (pragmatic) to orchestrate mind and virtue toward excellence. American Psychologist, 55(1), 122–136. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.55.1.122

When I began delving into wisdom research at the University of Chicago, I did a little ad-hoc survey of friends and family on Facebook to sample what might be a layperson’s conception of wisdom today. My uncle stated simply, “a loving application of knowledge.” A good friend from high school quoted British journalist, Miles Kington: “Knowledge is knowing that a tomato is a fruit. Wisdom is knowing that a tomato doesn’t belong in a fruit salad.” The thing is, every single person on the planet has done something they’re not particularly proud of. It’s more than likely that you’ve said or done some things in the past that you regret. That said, it’s also possible that you learned some valuable lessons from those experiences. Some of our most intense growth happens when we learn from our mistakes. Immerse yourself in various situations without preconceptions or judgment, and just observe what’s going on. This can be difficult for most people, especially if they already have an emotional attachment to a technique, situation, philosophy, etc. Yang, S. Y. (2001). Conceptions of wisdom amonIt’s essential to have the courage of your convictions and certainty about what you love and believe in, but it’s just as important to recognize the right time to stand up and fight for those things. And when not to. Like the bestselling A Flash of Lightning in the Dark of the Night, Practicing Wisdom focuses on Shantideva's Way of the Bodhisattva. While the former includes only a brief introduction to Shantideva's complex and crucial ninth chapter on insight, Practicing Wisdom is a full and detailed follow-up commentary, making it an invaluable statement on the fundamental concept behind Buddhist thought and practice. We can look at all these components of wisdom as being part of a practice of wisdom, that is, one has to reflect, be humble, exercise empathy, etc. to be wise. So if a path to wisdom would involve the regular practice of these behaviors, I want to explore, briefly, one other specific practice that I have studied as a researcher. The age of mindfulness meditation

Sternberg, R. J. (2005). Older but not wiser? The relationship between age and wisdom. Ageing International, 30(1), 5–26. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02681005 Schwartz, B., & Sharpe, K. (2010). Practical wisdom: The right way to do the right thing. New York: Riverhead Books. Wei, X. D., Xu, W. T., & Wang, F. Y. (2019). Wise reasoning: Concept, measurement, influence factors and future research. Journal of Psychological Science, 42(2), 343–349. https://doi.org/10.16719/j.cnki.1671-6981.20190213 This quote contains truth but reminds me that mindfulness may be contrasted against mindlessness, or the act of experiencing without awareness. It is not enough to simply experience life passively.Clayton, V. (1975). Erikson’s theory of human development as it applies to the aged: Wisdom as contradictive cognition. Human Development, 18, 119–128. https://doi.org/10.1159/000271479