The Road to Miklagard (Puffin Books)

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G. Necipoğlu. "From Byzantine Constantinople to Ottoman Kostantiniyye: Creation of a Cosmopolitan Capital and Visual Culture under Sultan Mehmed II" Ex. cat. "From Byzantion to Istanbul: 8000 Years of a Capital", June 5 – September 4, 2010, Sabanci University Sakip Sabanci Museum, Istanbul. Istanbul: Sakip Sabanci Museum, 2010 p. 262 According to the Reallexikon für Antike und Christentum, vol. 164 (Stuttgart 2005), column 442, there is no evidence for the tradition that Constantine officially dubbed the city "New Rome" ( Nova Roma or Nea Rhome). Commemorative coins that were issued during the 330s already refer to the city as Constantinopolis (see, e.g., Michael Grant, The climax of Rome (London 1968), p. 133). Seznam tujih imen v slovenskem jeziku. Geodetska uprava Republike Slovenije. Ljubljana 2001. p. 18. Ever since Snake was introduced in Vinland Saga season 2, fans were interested in knowing more about him because he was one of the few people that actually treated Thorfinn and Einar with respect. He also had a very interesting relationship with Sverkel, who we know is the old master of the farm and Ketil’s father. In fact, he was more of a son to Sverkel than Ketil was.

Kyivan Rus, sometimes known as Ruthenia, was effectively what we might consider to be the North West corner of the Soviet Union. Today its lands are shared between Belarus, Ukraine, Poland, and Russia. The original Rus people are thought to have been Norse travellers, spreading out through the Baltic Sea. After the fall of Constantinople in 1453, the burgeoning Grand Duchy of Moscow began to see itself as the last extension of the Roman Empire, and the force that would resurrect the lost leviathan ( Third Rome). This belief was the supported by the Russian Orthodox Church and given at least an air of legitimacy by the marriage of Ivan III to Sophia Palaiologina, a relative of the last Byzantine Emperor. It was allegedly an objective of the Tsars to recapture the city, but despite many southern advances and expansion by the empire, this was never realized. In August 1829, a Russian army did reach nearby Adrianople. Snake seems to have a strong bond with both Ketil and his father but refuses to explain further, replying that they are mere strangers. Snake is also a man of honor, staying on the side of Ketil's family despite being aware the fake story of Ketil due to feeling indebted to Ketil for letting him stay there when most needed, seen when he goes to fight against Canute despite knowing they didn't stand a chance against Jomsvikings. According to Frank McLynn’s 1066: The Year of the Three Battles, he was “forceful, self-willed, determined, courageous, far-sighted, a talent for war, was attractive to women but was also a ferocious disciplinarian, wildly ambitious and coldly ruthless, greedy and avaricious, with a lust for loot that became legendary.” The city is referred to as Kostandina or Kostantina (an alteration of Kostantiniyye) and more often as its short form Kushta ( קושטה‎) or Kostán in most Judaeo-Spanish publications during the Ottoman period. [43] [44] Kosta was the name for the entire province of Istanbul, while the word Estambol was used for the area of the old city and Pera. Today the word Kosta is restricted only for historical purposes and is no more in common use.

Growing up, Harald admired his half-brother Olaf, who in a few short years had managed to control more of Norway than anyone since Harald Fairhair. Both Olaf and Harald felt that uniting all of Norway was their calling.

Kōnstantinoúpolis (Κωνσταντινούπολις), Constantinopolis in Latin and Constantinople in English, was the name by which the city became soon more widely known, in honor of Constantine the Great who established it as his capital. It is first attested in official use under Emperor Theodosius II (408–450). [9] It remained the principal official name of the city throughout the Byzantine period, and the most common name used for it in the West until the early 20th century. a b Janin, Raymond (1964). Constantinople byzantine. Paris: Institut Français d'Études Byzantines. p.10f. The Seven Ecumenical Councils | Christian Classics Ethereal Library". Ccel.org. 2005-06-01. Retrieved 2017-05-22.

The Varangians fought together with the imperial army in Southern Italy, Sicily Africa and the Middle East. Their duties included serving as palace guards, accompanying the emperor and the Imperial family to festivals and festivities, and church services at Hagia Sophia, in addition to serving as the emperor's personal bodyguard. Scandinavians could occupy a variety of positions in the Guard, but the highest ranks were most likely reserved for members of noble Greek families. Stamboul or Stambul is a variant form of İstanbul. Like Istanbul itself, forms without the initial i- are attested from early on in the Middle Ages, first in Arabic sources of the 10th century [33] and Armenian ones of the 12th. Some early sources also attest to an even shorter form Bulin, based on the Greek word Poli(n) alone without the preceding article. [34] (This latter form lives on in modern Armenian.) The word-initial i- arose in the Turkish name as an epenthetic vowel to break up the St- consonant cluster, prohibited in Turkish phonotactics.

In Rus he married Yaroslav’s daughter Elisabeth (sometimes known as Ellisif). Harald supposedly asked to marry her on his first visit, when she would have been around 14, only to be rejected vecause he was not wealthy enough. Returning triumphantly, with great riches, he joined prominent royals such as Henry I of France, Andrew I of Hungary as a partner of one of Yaroslav’s children. Bourne, Edward G. (1887). "The Derivation of Stamboul". American Journal of Philology. The Johns Hopkins University Press. 8 (1): 78–82. doi: 10.2307/287478. JSTOR 287478. Harald and Olaf’s fathers are both said to be descended from Harald Fairhair, the legendary First King of Norway. Many scholars believe that Olaf may have been related to Harald Fairhair and Harald Hardrada probably wasn’t… but that’s a family matter!Ybarra, T.R. (1929-12-15). "IN A NEW ERA, OLD CITIES ARE RENAMED; Nationalism and Revolution Record Their Victories Through the World". The New York Times . Retrieved 2020-04-01. - Also at SALT Research. Names other than استانبول ( İstanbul) had become obsolete in the Turkish language after the establishment of the Republic of Turkey. [15] However, at that point Constantinople was still used when writing the city's name in Latin script. In 1928, the Turkish alphabet was changed from the Arabic to the Latin script. Beginning in 1930, Turkey officially requested that other countries use Turkish names for Turkish cities, instead of other transliterations to Latin script that had been used in the Ottoman times. [32]