Welsh (Plural): Essays on the Future of Wales

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Welsh and other Celtic languages are unusual among the European languages in having no fixed words for "yes" and "no" (although many speakers do use 'ie' and 'na' in ways that mimic English usage). If a question has a verb at its head, the relevant part of that verb is used in the answer e.g.: Ydych chi'n hoffi coffi? (Are you liking coffee? = Do you like coffee?) then either Ydw (I am = I do = Yes) or Nac ydw (I am not = I do not = No) Welsh plurals come in a great variety of forms and flavours. In most cases it’s a matter of adding a plural ending to the singular noun. This sounds like a very simple and straightforward operation. However. Adding a new ending means adding another syllable and thus changing the stress in the word. While some words will ignore this with stoical changelessness, others will be thrown off balance and react with sound changes or a sudden (dis-)appearance of letters. Knowing Our Place: Cynefin, the Curriculum and Me by Charlotte Davies - a very thoughtful and engaging piece about how we construct ideas of local identity, and how we should be viewing BAME people and history as part of a cohesive whole of Welshness, not an addendum or a diverse offshoot. Dictionaries do not normally have inflected forms of verbs as headwords. Your search is likely to be more fruitful if you search for a verb Search Term

Welcome to the fourth Welsh lesson about the plural. This time we will learn about the singular form and what it looks like in the plural, followed by grammar rules, finally a list of emergency phrases. book after fy– generally pronounced as if spelt y(n)– ("my") e.g. gwely ("a bed"), fy ngwely ("my bed"), pronounced yngwely It is difficult not to wonder sometimes if people actually do want more Welsh history taught, rather than just their narrow version of it. It is difficult not to worry how a history based on grievance shapes the sense of belonging of the hundreds of thousands who have moved from England to Wales, and how it might shape the political decisions we make about our shared future as citizens of this small country. A mixed mutation occurs when negating conjugated verbs. Initial consonants undergo aspirate mutation if subject to it, and soft mutation if not. For example, clywais i ("I heard") and dwedais i ("I said") are negated as chlywais i ddim ("I heard nothing") and ddwedais i ddim ("I said nothing"). In practice, soft mutation is often used even when aspirate mutation would be possible (e.g. glywais i ddim); this reflects the fact that aspirate mutation is in general infrequent in the colloquial language (see above).What does it mean to imagine Wales and 'The Welsh' as something both distinct and inclusive? In Welsh (Plural), some of the foremost Welsh writers consider the future of Wales and their place in it. This other tradition has a very different approach. Tunes are there to be used and abused. The musical points of reference come from far and wide, with jazz perhaps the most obvious external influence. I am now a member of the Youth Folk Ensemble of Wales, a continuation of the course, and though the majority of melodies and songs we use are Welsh, we have arrangements inspired by eastern European turbo folk and Daft Punk. First and second singular forms may in less formal registers be written as tales and talest, though there is no difference in pronunciation since there is a basic rule of pronunciation that unstressed final syllables alter the pronunciation of the /ai/ diphthong.

Adjective comparison in Welsh is fairly similar to the English system. Adjectives with one or two syllables receive the endings -ach "-er" and -a(f) "-est", which change final b, d, g into p, t, c by provection, e. g. teg "fair", tecach "fairer", teca(f) "fairest". Adjectives with two or more syllables use the words mwy "more" and mwya "most", e. g. teimladwy "sensitive", mwy teimladwy "more sensitive", mwya teimladwy "most sensitive". Adjectives with two syllables can go either way.I have a theory that the triple harp is seen by many as a symbol of Wales, its plight mirroring that of Wales and the Welsh language in the last century. Many influential players today came to the instrument as adults with a passion for Welsh history, and saw learning it as the ultimate manifestation of their interests. It is viewed as a kind of historical artefact, hailing from a better time when everyone in Wales spoke Welsh (and was born in Wales), when every young person was passionate about their native culture, and when rich landowners made their servants work in national dress in the name of preserving the tradition. One of my closest friends, born and bred in London, has joked for as long as I’ve known her about me not having a Welsh accent. It mirrors a conversation I’ve had hundreds of times. “Really? You don’t sound Welsh,” is about the size of it. Admittedly, I speak very differently to someone with what you might call a stereotypical Welsh accent. I’m not sure what people are expecting. Uncle Bryn from Gavin and Stacey, perhaps? Tom Jones? But I grew up at the other end of the country, more than 100 miles away from Barry and Pontypridd. Why would we sound the same? The Sewel Convention of 1999 embodies a constitutional rule which suggests that the UK parliament will “not normally” legislate on a devolved issue unless the devolved legislature has given its consent. This, like the UK’s unwritten constitution, is a relic of an era when gentleman’s agreements and the sense of good old British fair play were deemed as binding as any law, and it is obsolete in the age of the political liar utterly unburdened by shame, the conman and the charlatan, the incompetent propelled by entitlement and privilege which goes uncontested in a land of entrenched and masochistic deference. The elected representatives of Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland have voted to veto a huge transformation to their economic and political status, but because they have no real power to do so, the hollow men in London do not care. They simply do not care. This contempt is entirely lawful, but it will exact a colossal cost. Suffer it.