Again the first step is to include the library with #include . // Include the AccelStepper library:

Stepper motors can be driven in different modes and they have a specific gear ratio. Both factors have an influence on the number of steps per revolution. For this example, we shall drive the motor in a mode known as the full step mode, with each step corresponding to a rotation of 11.25 degrees according to the datasheet. That means there are 32 steps per revolution (360/11.25 = 32). In addition, the manufacturer has specified a gear ratio of 64:1 for the 28BYJ-48 stepper motor. How it works? In the loop section of code, we simply call the step(steps)function which turns the motor a specific number of steps at a speed determined by the setSpeed(rpm)function. Passing a negative number to this function reverses the spinning direction of the motor. void loop() { Plug the UNO's USB cord into the UNO. Then plug the other end into a 5VDC power supply or a computers USB port. It would be safer to use a power supply, than a computer.To do this I was using a 28BYJ-48 5v stepper motor which is a super common stepper motor for us DIY enthusiasts, and I designed a little spooler which pulls the cord either direction. define MotorInterfaceType 8 // Define the interface type as 8 = 4 wires * step factor (2 for half step) This example uses the Stepper.h library, which should come pre-installed with the Arduino IDE. This sketch turns the stepper motor 1 revolution in one direction, pauses, and then turns 1 revolution in the other direction. /* Example sketch to control a 28BYJ-48 stepper motor with ULN2003 driver board and Arduino UNO. More info: https://www.makerguides.com */ The motor has 4 coils of wire that are powered in a sequence to make the magnetic motor shaft spin. When using the full-step method, 2 of the 4 coils are powered at each step. The default stepper library that comes pre-installed with the Arduino IDE uses this method. The 28BYH-48 datasheet specifies that the preferred method for driving this stepper is using the half-step method, where we first power coil 1 only, then coil 1 and 2 together, then coil 2 only and so on…With 4 coils, this means 8 different signals, like in the table below. Wiring the ULN2003 stepper motor driver to Arduino Uno It provides several examples that are compatible with the ESP32. Just make sure you initialize a stepper object with the right pins: AccelStepper stepper (AccelStepper::FULL4WIRE, 19, 5, 18, 17);

In the loop I make use of a while loopin combination with the currentPosition()function. First, I set the current position of the stepper motor to zero with stepper.setCurrentPosition(0). // Set the current position to 0: In this getting started tutorial, we will learn about the 28BYJ-48 stepper motor and how to interface it with the ESP32 development board using a UNL2003 driver. The 28BYJ-48 stepper motor is inexpensive and one of the most commonly used stepper motors out there. It comes with a UL2003 motor driver attached to it that is responsible for driving a stepper motor. The reason for using a driver is that the ESP32 GPIO pins can not provide enough driving current to a 28BYJ-48 stepper motor. The second important reason is that it protects ESP32 GPIO pins from getting damaged due to the high current requirement of a stepper motor than a maximum current that ESP32 GPIO pins can provide. In the setup, besides the maximum speed, we also need to define the acceleration/deceleration. For this, we use the function setAcceleration(). void setup() {

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Connect the ULN2003 driver lN1, lN2, lN3, lN4 to the Arduino digital pins 8, 9, 10, and 11 respectively. The driver board has two pins which are labeled GND and VCC, which are two pins for the power supply. The ULN2003 driver board’s GND pin must be connected to the Arduino’s GND pin. Similarly, the driver board’s VCC pin should be connected to the Arduino’s 5V pin.