The Earth From the Air

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In general, air pressure and density decrease with altitude in the atmosphere. However, the temperature has a more complicated profile with altitude, and may remain relatively constant or even increase with altitude in some regions (see the temperature section, below). Because the general pattern of the temperature/altitude profile, or lapse rate, is constant and measurable by means of instrumented balloon soundings, the temperature behavior provides a useful metric to distinguish atmospheric layers. In this way, Earth's atmosphere can be divided (called atmospheric stratification) into five main layers: troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere. [18] The altitudes of the five layers are as follows: Because in an ideal gas of constant composition the speed of sound depends only on temperature and not on pressure or density, the speed of sound in the atmosphere with altitude takes on the form of the complicated temperature profile (see illustration to the right), and does not mirror altitudinal changes in density or pressure.

Earth from the Air 365 Days - Goodreads The Earth from the Air 365 Days - Goodreads

Ancient sediments in the Gabon dating from between about 2.15 and 2.08 billion years ago provide a record of Earth's dynamic oxygenation evolution. These fluctuations in oxygenation were likely driven by the Lomagundi carbon isotope excursion. [53] Third atmosphere Oxygen content of the atmosphere over the last billion years [54] [55] If the entire mass of the atmosphere had a uniform density equal to sea level density (about 1.2kg per m 3) from sea level upwards, it would terminate abruptly at an altitude of 8.50km (27,900ft).

The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, known collectively as air, retained by Earth's gravity that surrounds the planet and forms its planetary atmosphere. The atmosphere of Earth creates pressure, absorbs most meteoroids and ultraviolet solar radiation, warms the surface through heat retention ( greenhouse effect), allowing life and liquid water to exist on the Earth's surface, and reduces temperature extremes between day and night (the diurnal temperature variation). Timothy W. Lyons, Christopher T. Reinhard & Noah J. Planavsky (2014). "Atmospheric oxygenation three billion years ago". Nature. 506 (7488): 307–15. Bibcode: 2014Natur.506..307L. doi: 10.1038/nature13068. PMID 24553238. S2CID 4443958.

Earth from the Air Earth from the Air

Earth from the Air has already been a huge hit wherever it has been displayed in Britain (including dates in Birmingham, London and Bristol), as well as other cities around the world. Yann Arthus-Bertrand was born in March 1946. At the age of 30 he moved to Kenya with his wife Anne to study lions in the Maasai Mara Reserve and began to photograph the beauty of the natural world, flying over the landscape in a balloon. Taken from the air, the pictures show a bird's-eye view of the extraordinary patterns and colours created in landscapes all over the world. Some are the result of human activity - farming, industry or habitation. Others are entirely sculpted by nature itself. Because of its temperature, the atmosphere emits infrared radiation. For example, on clear nights Earth's surface cools down faster than on cloudy nights. This is because clouds (H 2O) are strong absorbers and emitters of infrared radiation. This is also why it becomes colder at night at higher elevations.At "Aerial-View.ORG" you get aerial images, bird's eye view, satellite images, maps view, and much more. As of 2023, by mole fraction (i.e., by number of molecules), dry air contains 78.08% nitrogen, 20.95% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and small amounts of other gases. [8] Air also contains a variable amount of water vapor, on average around 1% at sea level, and 0.4% over the entire atmosphere. Air composition, temperature, and atmospheric pressure vary with altitude. Within the atmosphere, air suitable for use in photosynthesis by terrestrial plants and breathing of terrestrial animals is found only in Earth's troposphere. [ citation needed] Where: Natural History Museum East Garden, Corner Cromwell Road and Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London. Cox, Arthur N., ed. (2000), Allen's Astrophysical Quantities (Fourthed.), AIP Press, pp.258–259, ISBN 0-387-98746-0 , which rounds N 2 and O 2 to four significant digits without affecting the total because 0.004% was removed from N 2 and added to O 2. It includes 20 constituents.