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RFU". englandrugby.com. Archived from the original on 20 November 2021 . Retrieved 7 November 2019. Universal football – a hybrid of Australian rules and rugby league, trialled in Sydney in 1933. [158] Rugby: Fastest growing sport in the U.S. also one of the oldest – Global Sport Matters, Rugby: Fastest growing sport in the U.S. also one of the oldest – Global Sport Matters". 19 July 2018. Archived from the original on 1 November 2021 . Retrieved 23 September 2020. See also: Episkyros and Cuju Ancient China A painting depicting Emperor Taizu of Song playing cuju (i.e. Chinese football) with his prime minister Zhao Pu (趙普) and other ministers, by the Yuan dynasty artist Qian Xuan (1235–1305) As American as Mom, Apple Pie and Football?". Harris Interactive. 16 January 2014. Archived from the original on 27 April 2014 . Retrieved 27 April 2014.

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Rugby league – often referred to simply as "league", and usually known simply as "football" or "footy" in the Australian states of New South Wales and Queensland.In 1903, Burnside rules were introduced to Ontario Rugby Football Union, which transformed Canadian football from a rugby-style game to the gridiron-style game.

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New Zealand's governing body renamed itself in 2007, saying "the international game is called football". [131] Underwater football – played in a pool, and the ball can only be played when underwater. The ball can be carried as in rugby. Rugby Rugby sevens; Fiji v Wales at the 2006 Commonwealth Games in Melbourne Griffins RFC Kotka, the rugby union team from Kotka, Finland, playing in the Rugby-7 Tournament in 2013 NZ Football – The Local Name of the Global Game". NZFootball.co.nz. 27 April 2006. Archived from the original on 22 September 2009. The international game is called football and we're part of the international game so the game in New Zealand should be called footballIn the mid-19th century, various traditional football games, referred to collectively as caid, remained popular in Ireland, especially in County Kerry. One observer, Father W. Ferris, described two main forms of caid during this period: the "field game" in which the object was to put the ball through arch-like goals, formed from the boughs of two trees; and the epic "cross-country game" which took up most of the daylight hours of a Sunday on which it was played, and was won by one team taking the ball across a parish boundary. "Wrestling", "holding" opposing players, and carrying the ball were all allowed. BBC – Tom Fordyce: Why are New Zealand so good at rugby?". Archived from the original on 12 August 2021 . Retrieved 28 July 2020.

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Australian rules football has the highest spectator attendance of all sports in Australia. [145] [146] Similarly, Gaelic football is the most popular sport in Ireland in terms of match attendance, [147] and the All-Ireland Football Final is the most watched event of that nation's sporting year. [148] The New Encyclopædia Britannica, 2007 Edition: "In ancient Greece a game with elements of football, episkuros, or harpaston, was played, and it had migrated to Rome as harpastum by the 2nd century BC".

Rugby football split into Rugby union, Rugby league, American football, and Canadian football. Tom Wills played Rugby football in England before founding Australian rules football.