The Bottle Club is part of Millennium Cash & Carry LTD. Registered in England and Wales Reg: 03890320 LALL AB, SELIGER HH, BIGGLEY WH, LLOYD JE. Ecology of Colors of Firefly Bioluminescence. Science (80-. ). [Internet]. 1980 Oct 31;210(4469):560-2. Available from: https://www.sciencemag.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.210.4469.560 Renwart M, Mallefet J. First study of the chemistry of the luminous system in a deep-sea shark, Etmopterus spinax Linnaeus, 1758 (Chondrichthyes: Etmopteridae). J. Exp. Mar. Bio. Ecol. Elsevier; 2013;448:214-9 Though Puertolas and Vincent both steered away from hyperrealism in their designs for Ruby Gillman, there were some aspects of Ruby’s character (and clothing) design that are hyper-detailed.

Marek P, Papaj D, Yeager J, Molina S, Moore W. Bioluminescent aposematism in millipedes. Curr. Biol. Elsevier; 2011;21(18):R680-1 Renwart M, Delroisse J, Claes JM, Mallefet J. Ultrastructural organization of lantern shark ( Etmopterus spinax Linnaeus, 1758) photophores. Zoomorphology. Springer; 2014;133(4):405-16 The Kraken is a dark spiced rum based on rums distilled from molasses at Angostura Distillery, Trinidad and aged between one and two years. Oba Y, Schultz DT. Eco-evo bioluminescence on land and in the sea. Biolumin. Fundam. Appl. Biotechnol. 1. Springer; 2014;3-36 Hagen O, Santos RM, Schlindwein MN, Viviani VR. Artificial Night Lighting Reduces Firefly (Coleoptera: Lampyridae) Occurrence in Sorocaba, Brazil. Adv. Entomol. [Internet]. 2015;03(01):24-32. Available from: http://www.scirp.org/journal/doi.aspx?DOI=10.4236/ae.2015.31004Kaskova ZM, Tsarkova AS, Yampolsky I V. 1001 lights: Luciferins, luciferases, their mechanisms of action and applications in chemical analysis, biology and medicine. Chem. Soc. Rev. [Internet]. Royal Society of Chemistry; 2016;45(21):6048-77. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C6CS00296J The priority is making sure the audience connects with the character, and making sure that connection is never broken,” says Puertolas. “You want it to look real, because there may be plenty of audience members who are fans of octopuses or Krakens, and you don’t want to do something that’s too off the mark. But, like everything else, it’s a balance. And I think there's something very appealing as well about having this giant, monster-looking creature that still is a teenager. It’s funny and it's appealing.” Widder EA, Greene CH, Youngbluth MJ. Bioluminescence of sound-scattering layers in the Gulf of Maine. J. Plankton Res. Oxford University Press; 1992;14(11):1607-24 This was the same rigging system the team used for scenes where Ruby is underwater with her mom Agatha (Toni Collette) or Grandmamah (Jane Fonda). Chew ALC, Desjardin DE, Tan Y-S, Musa MY, Sabaratnam V. Bioluminescent fungi from Peninsular Malaysia—a taxonomic and phylogenetic overview. Fungal Divers. Springer; 2015;70(1):149-87

Bioluminescence is also common in the terrestrial ecosystems, though it is nowhere as abundant as in the ocean. Various worms and arthropods are known to exhibit complex behaviors related to this phenomenon. It is clear that bioluminescence has a powerful impact on behavioral and ecosystem dynamics [ 4].

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I love to think that when people think of Krakens, they'll think of Ruby,” says Ruby Gillman producer Kelly Cooney Cilella, also known for serving as a production supervisor on Shrek The Third, as well as a production manager on Puss in Boots and Trolls. “Finding Ruby’s design specifically as a giant Kraken was probably one of the biggest challenges of the movie because she's a sea monster and yet we wanted her to feel aspirational. We wanted her to feel feminine. We wanted her to be something that a little girl could look at, and go, ‘I want to be that.’ It took some iteration.” Rota E, Zalesskaja NT, Rodionova NS, Petushkov VN. Redescription of Fridericia heliota (Annelida, Clitellata: Enchytraeidae), a luminous worm from the Siberian taiga, with a review of bioluminescence in the Oligochaeta. J. Zool. Wiley Online Library; 2003;260(3):291-9